Hey Codeforces community!

You might want to grab your virtual coffee and brace yourselves because the world of competitive programming just got a whole lot more interesting!

Remember all those discussions about AI eventually conquering coding challenges? Well, it looks like that future might be closer than we thought. A recent breakthrough from OpenAI is turning heads, and for good reason.

Take a look at this:

The image speaks volumes, showcasing OpenAI's models tackling not just competition math problems (like AIME) with incredible accuracy, but also diving headfirst into the complex world of Codeforces competition code!

And the results? Let's just say they're bordering on legendary. The data suggests these models are achieving performance levels that could rival even grandmasters! We're talking about AI that can not only understand intricate coding problems but also generate solutions with remarkable precision.

What does this mean for us?

This isn't about robots taking our virtual crowns (yet!). Instead, it opens up a whole new realm of possibilities:

• Smarter Tools: Imagine the potential for AI-powered tools that can help us debug, optimize, and even learn new coding techniques.
• Pushing the Limits: This breakthrough could inspire us to create even more challenging and innovative problems for future competitions.
• A New Era of Learning: AI could become a powerful learning companion, helping aspiring competitive programmers hone their skills.

Of course, there are plenty of questions to ponder. How will this technology evolve? What are the ethical implications? And most importantly, can we still claim bragging rights when we finally solve that elusive Div 1 problem?

Let's discuss in the comments below! What are your thoughts on this groundbreaking achievement from OpenAI? Are you excited, apprehensive, or somewhere in between? Share your opinions and let's explore this new frontier of competitive programming together!

#OpenAI #Codeforces #CompetitiveProgramming #AI #MachineLearning #GrandmasterLevel #CodingBreakthrough

My code for Enumerate Palindromes passes all the cases.

But it has a fatal bug and should tle.

r = i + res[i];
b = i;

if (i + res[i] > r) {
   r = i + res[i];
   b = i;
}

  ll n = 1e5;
  string s = "";
  for (ll i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    s += 'j';
    s += 'k';
  }
  cout << s  <<"\n";

Correct Code

Given a tree with $$$N$$$ vertices, find the number of rooted trees (which consist of some edges present in the given tree) with $$$K$$$ vertices, including vertex 1. Constraints: $$$1 \leq K \leq N \leq 3000$$$.

Example :
Let $$$N$$$ = $$$5$$$ and the tree be this :

Then for K = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 the solutions are :

This problem was taken from snuke 's blog

I found a tutorial but it is in Japanese, do you know some good English tutorials.

Here are my 2 codes 238131720 and 238131624. The only difference is this :

The second one gives runtime error. Why???

I wanted to ask why my solution for this problem works!
Logic lies inside the solve function.
238096776

Logic

First, I find the intervals which can be just turned on by just 1 bulb, and then for each interval, I find number of bulbs that can single handedly turn on the whole interval.


To do this i consider this bulb and it counterpart bulb (which also lies in this interval), then i query in the range formed by the two bulbs the min value and max value of oth (using segment tree), and then expand my range to the new indices.
If range becomes equal to total interval size then we lit up whole range, else if range size did not increase and whole interval is not covered then we can not cover this whole range so we skip this blub.
I am not sure why this works fast.

oth array

for each bulb i store the index of it counterpart in oth array.

Sombody help me with time complexity.

Past week, i was asked this problem in an interview, i don't know the solution till now, help me with this.

Problem

There are $$$N$$$ people in a group, weight of $$$i$$$ 'th person is $$$W[i]$$$, there is a lift of capacity $$$C$$$ which is the maximum weight the lift can carry, everyone wants to go to the top floor via lift.
Determine $$$M$$$, where $$$M$$$ is the minimum times lift must be used by the group so that everyone is able to go to the top floor.

Constraints

Not sure about constraints, please give the best solution you can.

Test Case

$$$N$$$ = 4
$$$C$$$ = 90
$$$W$$$ = [10, 20, 70, 80]

$$$ANS$$$ = 2

1

Five men and nine women stand equally spaced around a circle in random order. The probability that every man stands diametrically opposite a woman is $$$\frac{m}{n},$$$ where $$$m$$$ and $$$n$$$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $$$m+n.$$$

2

A plane contains $$$40$$$ lines, no $$$2$$$ of which are parallel. Suppose there are $$$3$$$ points where exactly $$$3$$$ lines intersect, $$$4$$$ points where exactly $$$4$$$ lines intersect, $$$5$$$ points where exactly $$$5$$$ lines intersect, $$$6$$$ points where exactly $$$6$$$ lines intersect, and no points where more than $$$6$$$ lines intersect. Find the number of points where exactly $$$2$$$ lines intersect.

3

The sum of all positive integers $$$m$$$ for which $$$\tfrac{13!}{m}$$$ is a perfect square can be written as $$$2^{a}3^{b}5^{c}7^{d}11^{e}13^{f}$$$, where $$$a, b, c, d, e,$$$ and $$$f$$$ are positive integers. Find $$$a+b+c+d+e+f$$$.

4

There exists a unique positive integer $$$a$$$ for which the sum $$$[U=\sum_{n=1}^{2023}\left\lfloor\dfrac{n^{2}-na}{5}\right\rfloor]$$$ is an integer strictly between $$$-1000$$$ and $$$1000$$$. For that unique $$$a$$$, find $$$a+U$$$.

(Note that $$$\lfloor x\rfloor$$$ denotes the greatest integer that is less than or equal to $$$x$$$.)

5

Consider an $$$n$$$-by-$$$n$$$ board of unit squares for some odd positive integer $$$n$$$. We say that a collection $$$C$$$ of identical dominoes is a maximal grid-aligned configuration on the board if $$$C$$$ consists of $$$(n^2-1)/2$$$ dominoes where each domino covers exactly two neighboring squares and the dominoes don't overlap: $$$C$$$ then covers all but one square on the board. We are allowed to slide (but not rotate) a domino on the board to cover the uncovered square, resulting in a new maximal grid-aligned configuration with another square uncovered. Let $$$k(C)$$$ be the number of distinct maximal grid-aligned configurations obtainable from $$$C$$$ by repeatedly sliding dominoes. Find the maximum value of $$$k(C)$$$ as a function of $$$n$$$.

we have a permutation p of size N.

we iterate on this permutation and insert elements into a Binary Search Tree.

Prove that each sub-tree will consists of all elements from some l to r.

In other words, prove that elements of each sub-tree form continuous subarray of identity permutation (if written is sorted order).

identity permutation -> 1, 2, 3, 4 ... N.

Problem

You are give a permutation of length n. Among all rotations of this permutation find out the one with maximum number of cycles.
Cycles here mean that cyles in the graph of permutation which contains edges from element->corresponding index. (One based indexing)

Constraints:

n <= 3e5

B — Pass on Path arc_152

UPD : Solved
- Observe that it will be most optimal when both the travellers start at same position and move in opposite direction.
Proof:
In general case, the travellers will pass each other twice.
At the time of first meet it will be like this -> One of the travellers is waiting at rest area for other to pass, as other passes it they will meet again for second meet afterwards. So it is better if they started at the same meet point in different directions, answer would always be less. Hence proved. (Because the first meet point has become the start so does not add anything to the wait time, so it is better.)

- Now we just have to solve if they had to start at rest point A[i]. To solve this note that their meeting point will be L-A[i]. - It will lie between two rest positions (may coincide also) such that A[j] <= L-A[i] <= A[k], min waiting time will be ..
- 2 * ( min ( (L-A[i]-A[j]) , A[k]-(L-A[i])) ).
- To get final answer, Add the min waiting time to 2*L.

1/4

Most of the number theory problems involving divisors etc that have intended solutions using mobious or inclusion exclusions (I-E), do not really need these buzzwords, there is almost always an easier solution using dp. We can still say its I-E, but code is sort.

2/4

Let's calculate dp[i] where dp[i] denotes no of segments which have gcd(min, max) = i. To calculate dp[i], we can first calculate the no of segments which have gcd as multiple i, this part is easy and the same as editorial.

3/4

Then subtract dp[k*i] from dp[i] where 2<=k<=n/i. These will remove all segments which have gcd multiple of i but no exactly i. At last just print dp[1].

4/4

I forgot to mention one should find these dp values in descending order.

I just don't seem to get it can someone explain it simply and in detail.

These comments were taken from
aryanc403 's twitter.

Problem in discussion is: AtCoder ABC304 F Shift table

Today i tried topcoder and the experience was just horrible.
First it was hard to figure out how/where to submit etc., not at all intuitive or beginner friendly
Couldn't submit my solution, "COPY BYTE error.." something like that.
Even vjudge could not submit.
Tried to download the arena applet, for that i didn't have the password, so tried creating new account but the one time verification email won't come.
The starting experience was just horrible.

Problem

You are given positive integers N and L. Count all sequences of positive integers with the following properties:
- The sequence is strictly increasing.
- The length of the sequence is L.
- No two consecutive elements share the same parity.

Return the number of these sequences, modulo 1e9 + 7.

Constraints

N <= 1e5 and L <= N.
elements in sequence can be from 1 to N.

What I have been able to do upto now

I broke it into two parts.
- Part 1 : o e o e o e ...
- Part 2 : e o e o e o ...
I have thought of dp.

Then Lets solve for o e o e .., second part will be similar.

dp[i][j] : Number of ways to fill upto index i such that number at index i is j. If i is odd then j must be odd.

dp[i][j] = dp[i-2][j-2] * 1 + dp[i-2][j-4] * 2 + dp[i-2][j-6] * 3 ... -- eq1

This is O(N*N*N) Solution.

Then i further observed that

dp[i][j-2] = dp[i-2][j-4] * 1 + dp[i-2][j-6] * 2 + dp[i-1][j-8] * 3 ... --eq2

Then eq1 - eq2 gives me,

dp[i][j] = dp[i][j-2] + dp[i-2][j-2] + dp[i-2][j-4] + dp[i-2][j-6] + dp[i-2][j-8] ...

this can now be done in O(N*N), but will surely give TLE in above constraints.

So how to proceed further?

Are there any optimization / tricks in this dp.

Or I should think something else which is not dp.

Don't wanna know the solution, just tell if there is some general concept/trick that i need to know, or i just need to think more on it.

Thanks.

Problem

You are given two vectors A and B, for each 1 <= k <= 2*N we want to find out C[k] where C[k] is sum of all A[i]*B[j] such that i + j == k.

Constraints

N <= 1e6

Hey!

I was wondering how solve probability in kenkooo is claculated.

Statement

You are given a vector of pairs (x_i, y_i) for size N.
Constraint : 1 <= x_i,y_i <=N and N<=1e5
For each j from 1 to N, find out the maximum value of j*x_i + y_i amongst all i's from 1 to N.

Finally print those N values.

I, recenty started doing atcoder problems, I am able to make codeforces rated 2100 in 3 — 4 hours, 1900 in 2 — 3 hours but even atcoder(kenkoooo) problem rated 1250, 1300 feel hard. Does any one have similar experiences? Or it is just me :(