If you've ever browsed the leaderboards of global programming contests—be it Codeforces, AtCoder, ICPC, or even IOI—you’ve probably noticed something quite consistent: the frequent dominance of Chinese and Japanese participants. From teenagers solving problems at lightning speed to university teams dominating world championships, these two countries seem to have cracked the code to competitive programming success
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Codeforces (c) Copyright 2010-2026 Михаил Мирзаянов
Соревнования по программированию 2.0
Время на сервере: 31.05.2026 11:35:50 (g1).
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As a Chinese, I will say not cracked because we are just doing this so fucking early... You can't imagine that I'm only 12...
And because of this, CCF increased the required age to compete in CSP or similar competitions to 12 exactly...
UPD: This is the 4th year since I started CP.
But you guys are so goated that even in every contest in top 20 there are at least 10 or more are from japan or china.
is this only early age advantage or something else . Being a 12 years student and solving problem on CF is outstanding and also competing in regionals competition is great.
i give you my example ,i am 20 and i am expert on my main account and it takes me approx 2.5 years to go there and in one year , i will graduate from my college .
You cannot ignore China's population base. There are 1.4 billion people in China, of which about 300 million are students. Let's assume that about 100 million are middle school students.
Based on the situation around me, about 1% of people in a high school are studying information competitions. Even if we look at it pessimistically and on average, one in a thousand people is still 100000 people.
We assume that out of these 100000 people, one in every ten will undergo high-intensity training, which is 10000 people. We assume that out of these ten thousand people, there is one genius for every hundred, and that is one hundred people who is aiming at least International Master.
Okay, we have finished the analysis of the high school part. Next, we will have more better and smarter college students.
China's education is really strong. Although the method may not necessarily be optimal, I believe it must have a high popularity rate and a relatively early start age.
For example, when I was three or four years old, I might have done a good job. When I was seven or eight years old, many children could solve the univariate linear equation. When I was eleven or twelve years old, I began to learn information competition. It was not a problem for smart children. The population base and genetic advantage of Chinese people (doubt, my teacher said that we have genetic advantage) could produce many smart children. We usually practice every weekend, but during peak hours, we can leave school and practice for more than ten hours a day, six days a week. It's quite common for a child like this to receive a Master at the age of fourteen or fifteen by my side.
Oh, Japan, I am not familiar with Japan. I guess their technological development may have been earlier than China's, so their foundation is more solid.
Method? Additional training. Uninstall all the games on computer and gave you some control, so you can train for six days and twelve hours a week. Don't worry about your school grades, it's okay to score zero. Once you get your results in the competition, universities will naturally come to you. If you find that you can't achieve good results in a competition, then go back to school in your last year of high school to attend classes. With the smart brain you gain from practicing in the competition, you can beat them for three years in a year.
What, do you think the risk of quit school is too high. Because you haven't seen those who has failed.
Resources? We "steal". Stealing everywhere, we steal questions from CodeForces, we steal questions from AtCoder, and we even steal questions we've worked on before. Smart teachers and students are responsible for setting questions, while those who are not smart flip these questions around. Anyway, you can do it for three years without repeating it (well, there are actually many essential similarities) by doing fifteen questions a day. I don't believe you can't get a grade.
The above is my personal opinion and only represents the general situation of students in several schools around me. There are many different education models in other regions of China.
Yeah it's different
In my school the school grade is a requirement to train(as Chinese can't skip the High School Entrance Exam)
unless you get a gold medal in CNOI
EDIT: I'm wrong. I thought you meant Gaokao.
But this is impossible before I've graduated into high school on China
How do you not burn out practicing 10 hours a day? Also, how is it possible to practice for 10 hours a day at peak mental performance?
that's why asian parents meme exists
I think they got used to that high intensity from young ages
If you love it(I mean CP), you will never be burn out.
Then let me make some excuses: In our city, CP is not favored, my parents care more about my grades than CP; my teachers even don't know what CP is; after I introduced CP to my classmates, they felt sleepy; and now, I can only practice it on the weekend for hours.
Pretend I didn't say it.
I agree(China's population is too many!).
So this is only an example
It seems interesting but India is more populated than China and there is not even a single LGM from there , so i think the factor is not the population , maybe they use their population smartly and have a good training from begining .
Like not only in CP but in sports specially in Olympics they do dominate there too,
It seems they have have a great ecosystem for academics , sports and all other stuff from very the very Begining .
I heard about cp when i was 19 and many students became IGM ,GM and LGM at that age so its a big difference .
They have large populations, strong internal training and competitions, and a culture that values such achievements. That combination obviously is very productive.
If you look at active red coders on CF and adjust per capita, you can see that the differences are not that huge between China, Japan and smaller countries which put a lot of value in these competitions. The differences may be 3-4-5x, but that's not insane.
For example, if you compare the active red coders per capita for smaller countries like Bulgaria, Romania, Poland — the per-capita red coders are about the same as Japan. It's about 1 in 2-4 mil. These are European countries where competitive programming is very valued.
Of course, if you look at something like France or even the US, the rate is significantly lower, probably because on a national level they don't value this as much. There are very large parts of the population who wouldn't even know what competitions are. There are also countries like India with huge population but far from enough internal resources.
Resources is one thing which is definitely holding back India despite having such a high population but one other factor is that very rarely here anyone does CP just because they enjoy it, most do it for placements to make their resume stand out which leads to students doing CP for a maximum of 3 years and also the high rate of cheating as well. Also other thing is lack of awareness most students who are even good at maths are never even introduced to CP, only time most of them get to hear it is "Do CP it's important for placements".
Most of Indians get to know about CP in college, had they been introduced to it in school life, maybe many of them would have then developed keen interest in it !
that pfp is so cute
that pfp is so cute
in china either you take the gaokao and get mindfucked and become a slave or you do other competitions and try not die
It looks like it's tougher than people think.
You are completely right.
I have learnt this for about 20 months. Chinese students pay more than 10 hours a day for training in olympic informatics even though they are forced to learn in a school.
No, accoring to one of my classmate he is banned to train just because the school grade is too bad
Chinese genetics. Well I hope so because that's the only thing I got
Well kinda out of topic, but sometimes passion and extremely high rating cannot exist at the same time.
The glory of considerable top participants in these countries is truly impressive, which has overshadowed the majority struggling in the cruel rivalry and experiencing their passion to fade gradually... It's really hard to get rid of it under the somewhat utilitarian orientation. There're too many students wanna get a gold medal and study in top universities.
It would be fantastic if people just do CP for passion and interest :(
Edit: might be kinda pessimistic... but that's what I've encountered.
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