https://github.com/xuhdev/SingleCompile is a Vim plugin made to compile and run single files and it's really good because it support a lot of languages. iirc it runs synchronously (that means it stops vim while your program is running)

In Neovim and Vim >= 8 asynchronous tasks were introduced, and i use this plugin ( https://github.com/skywind3000/asyncrun.vim ) because is simpler to configure. But with it you have to define a compile command for every programming language... To simplify everything i made an external bash script that is called by AsyncRun when I press F9. It automatically detects the language and calls the right compiler.