You are given the source code of a program in several popular programming languages. This program reads two integers $$$a$$$ and $$$n$$$ and then outputs one integer — the answer.

With large input numbers, this program can take a long time to run. Your task is to write an alternative program that will produce exactly the same answers, but will run for no more than one second for any input $$$a$$$ and $$$n$$$ in the range from $$$0$$$ to $$$10^{18}$$$.

Text in C++:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    long long a, n;
    std::cin >> a >> n;
    long long b = 0;
    for (long long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        b = (b - a) & a;
    }
    std::cout << b << std::endl;
}

a = int(input())
n = int(input())
b = 0
for _ in range(n):
    b = (b - a) & a
print(b)

Text in Java:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Solution {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        long a = in.nextLong();
        long n = in.nextLong();
        long b = 0;
        for (long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            b = (b - a) & a;
        }
        System.out.println(b);
    }  
}

Text in C#:

using System;

public class Solution {
    static void Main() {
        long a = long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        long n = long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        long b = 0;
        for (long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            b = (b - a) & a;
        }
        Console.WriteLine(b);
    }
}

Text in Pascal:

var
    a, b, n, i: int64;
begin
    read(a, n);
    b := 0;
    i := 0;
    while i < n do begin
        b := (b - a) and a;
        inc(i);
    end;
    writeln(b);
end.