isaf27's blog

By isaf27, 7 years ago, translation, In English

Hello, Codeforces!

I'm glad to invite you to Codeforces Round 559 (Div. 1) and Codeforces Round 559 (Div. 2), which will be held on May/12/2019 17:35 (Moscow time). The round will be rated for both divisions (I hope).

All problems were written and prepared by me. Thanks to Aleks5d, TLE, sunset, Sulfox, peltorator for testing problems and good advice, 300iq for round coordination and help with preparation and MikeMirzayanov for great systems Codeforces and Polygon.

You will be given 6 problems in both divisions and 2 hours to solve them. Please, read all the problems. Good luck, have fun and I wish everyone high ratings!

The scoring distribution will be announced closer to the beginning of the round.

UPD

The contest finished, contgratulations to the winners:

Div1:

  1. mnbvmar
  2. ecnerwala
  3. ainta
  4. ksun48
  5. ekzhang

Div2:

  1. hbi1998
  2. Nutella3000
  3. calabash_fool
  4. ahgus89
  5. 1207koo

Editorial

  • Vote: I like it
  • +233
  • Vote: I do not like it

| Write comment?
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7 years ago, hide # |
Rev. 4  
Vote: I like it +11 Vote: I do not like it

Orz Sulfox, wish I will be red too!

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -35 Vote: I do not like it

Orz Sulfox

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +104 Vote: I do not like it

I'm not peltorator, I'm peltorator. Fix it, please.

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +24 Vote: I do not like it

Please,No MathForces !!!

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -41 Vote: I do not like it

UPD1: The round is carried over for 20 minutes.

UPD2: The round is carried over for 15 minutes.

UPD3: The round will be unrated.

People who has +200: Why do I participate?

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7 years ago, hide # |
Rev. 2  
Vote: I like it -99 Vote: I do not like it

Okay! Thank u for your unreasonable voting :V

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

    I guess he will consider, if you give him some RAMADAN special biryani xD

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it +74 Vote: I do not like it

    It's hard if not impossible to consider the prayer time. Because the prayer time in every country are not same and people from all over the world participate here. And every minute is a prayer time in somewhere in the world. So when do you suggest to schedule the contest?

    Moreover, this platform have people from many religion, culture and region. The platform must not run by considering any religion, culture or region. The platform should be secularist and International.

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Rev. 2  
Vote: I like it +4 Vote: I do not like it

I like the weekend contest, thank you isaf27.

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7 years ago, hide # |
Rev. 3  
Vote: I like it +27 Vote: I do not like it

I hope this will be IMO contest from isaf27, not 2 problems like "write a segment tree" and 4 problems like "write a link-cut tree with operations ADD, FIND_SUM and REVERSE_ALL_BITS in $$$ne^{\sqrt{\log n}}$$$ time and $$$n\log^{2.39}n$$$ memory".

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Rev. 2  
Vote: I like it +15 Vote: I do not like it

Smh, All red contest. Hoping it will be balanced.

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Vote: I like it +18 Vote: I do not like it

Sulfox is our red sun!

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -65 Vote: I do not like it

I guess there will be a massive drop in participation from India due to the finals of IPL. (Once in a year).

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Vote: I like it +8 Vote: I do not like it

looking forward to Sulfox 's contest!

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Rev. 2  
Vote: I like it -41 Vote: I do not like it

Bad schedule for Man City & Liverpool fans! :p

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -27 Vote: I do not like it

help me pls :(

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7 years ago, hide # |
Rev. 6  
Vote: I like it +63 Vote: I do not like it

Am I the only one who is facing problem accessing the problems and submitting the solution? Each time I submit the solution I am getting the verdict "You have submitted the same code before" but in "my submission" tab I am not able see the submission :(

It's almost half way and I am facing same problem now even! Can't submit my solution for A and B (or don't even know if they has been submitted successfully or not?) Doesn't matter which problem I am going to submit, I receive the same verdict all the time :(

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +61 Vote: I do not like it

unrated? site was down for the first 30 minutes for some people

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +69 Vote: I do not like it

Why is it impossible to register on m1.codeforces.com? I tried to register 10 minutes before the contest but the main site was down so I couldn't. And I can't even read the problems if I'm not registered. :(

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +101 Vote: I do not like it

I'm doubtful if the round should be rated. Quite a lot of people throughout the world experienced traffic issues. I think that absence of the score distribution in the round announcement post at this moment (45 minutes have passed) indicates the severity of the problem.

Everyone knows that the problemsetters, the coordinators and the Codeforces Headquarters endeavored to deliver the best contest. The same applies to the current participants, who tried to solve the prepared problems despite of the mayhem. But is there any reason to persist a rated contest if the impact of the techincal issues is apparent, for the sake of sportsmanship? Unrated contest is not a total failure; there are things to gain and learn, and the efforts of the contest managers do linger.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it +78 Vote: I do not like it

    Sorry about the technical issues, it seems some misconfiguration happened in process while I jump between servers. I work hard to diagnose and fix it.

    The notice about the micro-sites (green information bar in the header) appeared about 1 hour before the contest. Also I remind it in the official Telegram channel. Am I right that m1/m2/m3 work good without technical issues? I think it means if you follow recommendations you was able to read and solve the problems without any timeouts.

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Rev. 4  
Vote: I like it +16 Vote: I do not like it

MikeMirzayanov crashed his scooter into a rack of servers,so site was down for 30 minutes .Is the round still rated?

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +110 Vote: I do not like it

There is no reason to make the contest unrated. The technical issue was in the beginning of the contest. Everyone could use m1 m2 or m3.codeforces.com. Participants who didn't use those sites and therefore lost time could still decide not to submit and don't participate in the round. Submitting code means you could use the system well or you accepted that you lost time. Everyone who submitted code made the decision to participate in the rated contest.

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +17 Vote: I do not like it

The main problem was even though I tried to use m1/m2/m3, somehow I wasn't registered(though I was), so I had to wait for 20 minutes to register and then submit solutions to m1. I guess I'm not the only one, who was unregistered without knowing.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it -6 Vote: I do not like it

    Then why didn't you register in advance? It is not that the site has been down for the whole time it has been able to register.

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
       
      Vote: I like it +12 Vote: I do not like it

      I was registered in advance, but then system unregistered me, so I couldn't enter the contest on m1/m2/m3.

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        7 years ago, hide # ^ |
         
        Vote: I like it +3 Vote: I do not like it

        There are almost 24 hours that can register. When did you register?

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Vote: I like it +9 Vote: I do not like it

Someone posted the solution to div2 A in the blogs already lol.

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Vote: I like it +104 Vote: I do not like it

Problem D is Windy Path (Problem L) from the 2016 ACM-ICPC Pacific Northwest Regional, with slightly higher bounds.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it +28 Vote: I do not like it

    Thank you. I was sure that I saw this problem in some contest but couldn't remember the exact contest.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it +24 Vote: I do not like it

    The bounds is not important. I'm sure that almost people have the same solution for both.

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Rev. 3  
Vote: I like it +16 Vote: I do not like it

Good tasks, thanks!)

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Vote: I like it +12 Vote: I do not like it

TIL you can submit in the mini-sites. I just read the problems :/

Doesn't matter much for me though since it took me so long to solve A that the servers were up when I was ready to submit

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Rev. 3  
Vote: I like it +54 Vote: I do not like it

Me: Reading the problem statement of Div 2 C

made wild assumptions and passed for some reason

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    Vote: I like it +14 Vote: I do not like it

    Can you please explain why it was so hard to understand? It got two clarifications and I could not understand why.

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
       
      Vote: I like it +21 Vote: I do not like it

      The statement was confusing. The word "some" was somewhat misleading. I would have separated the key sentence into two sentences as follows: "Boy i gave at least b_i sweets to each girl. Girl j received at most g_j sweets from each boy."

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
       
      Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

      In theory everything was written in the statement, but for example I thought that each boy has to give at least $$$b_i$$$ sweets each girl and I couldn't get it right without asking a question to first sample.

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
      Rev. 4  
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      I thought bi is the upper limit for the number of candies the girls received from each boy. Then I figured out that is wrong, so i thought it means the upper limit for the total number of candies received

      Actually the main reason for the problem should be my poor English...

      There isn’t any actual problem about the statement, everything should be alright after reading the samples I guess

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How to solve C?

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
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    Hint: Solve the problem assuming there are no missing values, after that it will be easy to extend it to the general case.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it -31 Vote: I do not like it

    You can see my greedy solution (but i cannot prove it). Answer my comment if you have questions. 54046042

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
    Rev. 3  
    Vote: I like it -8 Vote: I do not like it

    Build a graph for relative order of p : if p[i] < p[j], there is an edge from i to j

    If there is a valid topsort order, there is the answer

    We build an edge from i+1..next[i]-1 to i and an edge from i to next[i].

    However, there are O(n^2) edges.

    To solve the problem, use segment tree to represent a range of nodes build two edges from [l..r] to [l..mid] and [mid+1..r] so there will only be O(n) number of nodes (not more than 4*n)

    EDIT: Hope I won't get TLE on systest :C

    EDIT2: Accepted :D

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
       
      Vote: I like it +13 Vote: I do not like it

      I think there is an easier solution. For any -1 in the input, use i+1 (point them at the next node); this should not change the existence of a solution. As you read the nodes, keep track of the previous nodes that point at following nodes with a stack, and make sure they nest properly. Finally, sort the nodes using (next_i, -i) and assign values according to this order. I think this works . . .

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
       
      Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

      It is sufficient to add edges of two types:

      • i to next[i]

      • the first index j to the left of i such that next[j] > i (if it exists), where we add an edge from j to i

      So there are only O(n) edges anyway. (Code)

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

    Couldn't get an AC in the contest. I used a greedy algorithm.
    Let us try filling the array smallest to largest.
    We can observe that if next[i] = j, than for any x, i < x < j , next[i] <= j.
    Also, permutation[x] < permutation[i] < permutation[j] . We can just fill the subarray (i+1 to j-1) first, and then fill i.
    We can then go on working on array starting from j.

    int small = 1, flg = 0;
    void solve(int st, int en) {
    
    	if(st > en || flg)
    		return;
    	if(nex[st] == -1)
    	{
    		ans[st] = small++;
    		solve(st+1, en);
    		return;
    	}
    	if((nex[st] > (en + 1)) || (nex[st] <= st))
    	{
    		flg = 1; // determines invalid case
    		return;
    	}
    	solve(st+1, nex[st]-1);
    	ans[st] = small++;
    	solve(nex[st],en);
    }
    
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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -65 Vote: I do not like it

How about making the round rated for only positive rating changed users? (This happened previously in codeforce)

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +16 Vote: I do not like it

Div 2E seems to be easier than Div 2D.

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Vote: I like it +3 Vote: I do not like it

How to solve Div2D?

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
    Vote: I like it +16 Vote: I do not like it

    Try to write a brute force and observe patterns. ;)

    The key is the number z = (n — k) / 2.

    You build a string with [z zeros, a one, z zeros, a one, ...]

    e.g. n = 14, k = 10, 00100100100100

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
    Rev. 2  
    Vote: I like it +7 Vote: I do not like it

    You can repeat the pattern 0000...001 over and over up to n length.

    The number of zeros in the repeating pattern is (n-k)/2.

    I am actually surprised why there has not been more solves. Makes me doubt the solution

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
    Rev. 3  
    Vote: I like it +8 Vote: I do not like it

    Say you are given $$$n$$$ and $$$k$$$. Set $$$d = \frac{n-k}{2}$$$, $$$l0 = floor(\frac{d+2}{2})$$$, $$$l1 = floor(\frac{d+1}{2})$$$. Now the string of $$$l0$$$ zeroes, $$$l1$$$ ones, repeat works. The special case is $$$k=1$$$, in which case you can only have one 0 or 1, and can use 0111... as your string.

    This works, since the string is cyclic with length $$$l0 + l1 = d+1$$$, and the start-point x (zero-indexed) of some substring mod $$$d+1$$$ uniquely determines its content, and the content for all residues is different. Therefore WLOG $$$x \leq d$$$. Let $$$s$$$ be the length of the substring. We must also have $$$x + s + (d+1) \gt n$$$, since otherwise the string occurs again $$$d+1$$$  characters later. So now we have: $$$s \geq n - x - d \geq n - 2d = n - (n-k) = k$$$

    Completing the proof.

    Submission: 54040228 (function count is unused, I just used it to test the code)

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Vote: I like it +4 Vote: I do not like it

I can not access the site util the contest had passed 20 minutes. Stabilize the main site plz.

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Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

How to solve C?

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Rev. 2  
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When I asked why Div2C sample3 's note said the first boy presented 1,2,1 sweets instead of 1,1,2 it just replied me to read the global announcement :(

(The problem has been fixed without announcement during the content.)

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it +24 Vote: I do not like it

How to solve div1D?

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    Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

    Problem D is Windy Path (Problem L) from the 2016 ACM-ICPC Pacific Northwest Regional, with slightly higher bounds.

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    I think traversing convex hull and recalculating it after removing a point each time should do the trick.

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    Rev. 2  
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    Lemma: Given any point $$$P$$$ on the convex hull, there always exists a solution that starts at $$$P$$$.

    Proof: We use induction (with the algorithm below).

    Clearly we can do it for $$$N = 2$$$. For general $$$N$$$, let $$$X$$$ and $$$Y$$$ be the points adjacent to $$$P$$$ on the convex hull. Because the entire set of points lie on one side of both the lines $$$\overleftrightarrow{PX}$$$ and $$$\overleftrightarrow{PY}$$$, we choose $$$X$$$ to be our next point if the first direction is to turn left, otherwise $$$Y$$$ if we want to turn right. Then we can remove $$$P$$$ from the set of points and continue by induction on $$$N - 1$$$ points, as $$$X$$$ and $$$Y$$$ will still remain on the convex hull after removing a point.

    Time complexity is $$$O(N^2)$$$. You don't need to find the entire hull; you can find $$$X$$$ and $$$Y$$$ in linear time using one step of gift wrapping.

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Vote: I like it +161 Vote: I do not like it

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Vote: I like it 0 Vote: I do not like it

If I make 2 submissions for a question, both correct.. will the first solution be checked?

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
Vote: I like it -29 Vote: I do not like it

Very Unfair Contest. First Server problem,then Div 2 C not clear and also announcement were not upto the mark.It should be unrated.

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Vote: I like it +5 Vote: I do not like it

I am a newbie. How to solve Problem(B) Div 2.?

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
    Rev. 4  
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    This is how I solved it. First of all, notice that we can rewrite the $$$k$$$-extension condition for a pair $$$(i,j)$$$ to the following:

    $$$ k \leq \frac{\min(a_i,a_j)}{|i-j|} $$$

    The important observation is that the right hand side of that equation does not depend on $$$k$$$, so for every pair we have an upper bound to the value of $$$k$$$.

    Since this must hold for every pair $$$(i,j)$$$ such that $$$1 \leq i,j \leq n$$$ and $$$ i \neq j$$$, we conclude that an upper bound for $$$k$$$ is $$$\underset{ 1\leq i\neq j \leq n }{\min} \frac{\min(a_i,a_j) }{|i-j|}$$$, since $$$k$$$ should be less than all those upper-bounds in order to be a $$$k$$$-extension. Moreover, by definition we have that all $$$k$$$ that are less or equal than that number work. By choosing the biggest $$$k$$$ as possible (which is the smallest upper bound) we have our answer.

    Now that we know what the answer is, the remaining question is how to calculate it efficiently. An idea to do this is to find a small amount of candidates for those pairs and calculate the upper bound only for those pairs. To do this you can prove that the pair that attains such minimum must necessarily be paired with either $$$a_1$$$ or $$$a_n$$$, this gives us only $$$2n$$$ candidates and we can simply try all of them.

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Rev. 3  
Vote: I like it -23 Vote: I do not like it

1159D - The minimal unique substring

What is wrong??

54043161

int solve(int n,int k){
	lint p=0;
	if(n==k){
		rep(n)cout<<'1';
		return 0;
	}
	rep(k/2+1)cout<<"10",p+=2;
	while(p<n)cout<<((n&1)?'1':'0'),++p;
	return 0;
}
n,k--------------------
output
1,1--------------------
1
2,2--------------------
11
3,1--------------------
101
3,3--------------------
111
4,2--------------------
1010
4,4--------------------
1111
5,1--------------------
10111
5,3--------------------
10101
5,5--------------------
11111
6,2--------------------
101000
6,4--------------------
101010
6,6--------------------
111111
7,1--------------------
1011111
7,3--------------------
1010111
7,5--------------------
1010101
7,7--------------------
1111111
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Vote: I like it +35 Vote: I do not like it

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You think the geniuses are those who prove the Fermat's theorem? No, the geniuses are those, who made div2 D )))

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Vote: I like it +15 Vote: I do not like it

This round in a nutshell : "I'm just gonna make some crazy assumptions and hope they pass the tests." Also, the difference between C and D was too much.

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How to solve div1C pls?... :)

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    In this task we just need to check, that topsorted-order of vertices is correct.

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Vote: I like it +3 Vote: I do not like it

Can we see the tests pls?

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Hello,I got some questions with problem C (Div2)

for

2 1

0 0

1

I think the answer should be -1.right?

I missed this situation during the contest.And I think my solution 54038745 will be WA after system test,but it's still accepted Σ(  ̄□ ̄||).

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How to solve Problem B?

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    for every item in the array, the value of k for that specific item = value/distance, where distance is maximum distance possible i.e either from 1st or from the nth item, now from all these values of k the minimum one is the answer. Pseudo code : i from 1 to n k=min(k,a[i]/max(n-i,i-1) print(k)

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      I am not getting why we are taking individual values min(k, a[i]/max(n-i, i-1) ? aren't we supposed to consider the every pair? i.e.min(k, min(a[i], a[j])/|i-j|) ?

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        7 years ago, hide # ^ |
         
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        We can take individual values because in min(a[i],a[j]) if we take individual values it won't affect our answer in the end, because even if we calculated for the bigger value also, when taking min(k,a[i]/dist) that value will automatically be eliminated .

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Can you tell me why my submission to Div.1B got WA on test 22?

Test 22 is $$$(n, k) = (5783, 2359)$$$, and my output is '0{$$$1067$$$}10{$$$2357$$$}10{$$$2357$$$}' (0{$$$n$$$} means $$$n$$$ zeros) Judge says minimal unique substring for my output is 1069.

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Rev. 3  
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In Div2E/Div1C.
Does anybody know why this 54049263 gives MLE? When I change stack to set I get AC in this 54047364

My Approach: Construct a directed graph where edge (u,v) means a[u] < a[v] and then do topological sort on that graph.

The way I construct it is if nxt[i] = j that means there is an edge(i, j), also there is an edge between all elements [i+1, j-1] and i since all of them must be less than i. I only keep track of the least previous element.

Here's an example where ix, jx means nxt[ix] = jx:
i1 i2 i3 ... j3 j2 j1. Edges are (i1, j1), (i2, j2), (i3, j3), (i2, i1), (i3, i2). I don't add (i3, i1) since it's redundant.
In a case like i1 .. i2 .. j1 .. j2 In the MLE submission I exit immediately and say that it's impossible. In the AC submission with set I let the topological sort handle it.

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    Change vector<stack<int>> Pop(n); to vector<stack<int, list<int>>> Pop(n); and MLE should be gone. This is happening because when you pop elements from the stack, the underlying container (deque is the default) is not actually freeing up space. deque will hold the allocated space during the entire runtime of the program. So just change the underlying container to list, which on the other hand frees up space when an element is removed from it. Now you are maintaining $$$N$$$ stacks which can have upto $$$N$$$ elements, thus requiring too much space if space is not freed when elements are popped off the stacks. list will free-up space and your program wouldn't run into MLE. Also, set will free-up space as soon as your erase from it. Thus your second program doesn't run into MLE.

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      7 years ago, hide # ^ |
      Rev. 2  
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      Thank you so much for the answer! I've changed the internal container from
      vector<stack<int> > Pop(n) to vector<stack<int, list<int> > > once and to vector<stack<int, vector<int> > > once and both got AC without changing the other stack to set.
      However I've got 2 questions.

      1- Shouldn't my total amortized memory be N not N^2? at each iteration I do at most one push_back in some deque in Pop[i]? even if I don't free up memory shouldn't that be fine because the total number of elements in all N deques will still be N? specially since AC solution passes in 27~35KB so I'm not on the edge of running out of memory.

      2- Why does changing the underlying container to vector<int> still pass although the vector doesn't shrink the capacity with the pop_back() calls either? I know that deque requires more memory than vector but is it really that much more?

      Please note that I've only changed the underlying container in Pop. I haven't changed the other stack to set, neither have I changed its underlying container either. I've only made changes to vector<stack<int> > Pop(n).
      Here's the latest 2 submissions: 54094520 , 54094473

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7 years ago, hide # |
 
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OMG finally purple! Gonna try not to lose this next contest lmao

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Thank you for your contest !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I very love it

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Please translate the tutorial to English isaf27, can't understand google translation of 1159D - The minimal unique substring's solution

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I tried solving Div2 E with a solution of complexity O(t*nlogn) and am getting a TLE. Can anyone suggest why? Submission link — https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1158/submission/54055728.

I basically replace all -1's with a positive value in the following manner ~~~~~ int o = n+1; for(j = n-1; j>=0; j--) { if(inp[j]>0) o = inp[j]; else inp[j]=o; v.push_back(make_pair(inp[j],o)); } ~~~~~ I then sort this v vector and construct the answer array by using the values in the inp array. Finally, for any element if according to the input array, the first element greater than the current element(stored using a stack and array) is at an index before than that in the input array, then the answer is -1. The sorting step might be the time consuming step but I don't get how I am violating the time limit.

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    7 years ago, hide # ^ |
     
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    I think your problem might be this line:

    while(z<ans.size())
    

    Your ans array is pretty big and never resized, so for every input you're going to be running this loop over all of ans.

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Can someone help me with Div2-D ? Not able to figure out the greedy approach.

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English editorial anywhere?