Блог пользователя wrg0ababd

Автор wrg0ababd, история, 7 лет назад, По-русски

Обновление: разбор G готов

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Разбор задач Codeforces Round 586 (Div. 1 + Div. 2)
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7 лет назад, скрыть # |
 
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Another solution for F: first shift the permutation so that 1 becomes the leftmost element.

now the problem can be modeled like this: don't consider the first element(1). now we want to split the new array into two parts(maybe one of them is empty) so that to minimize the maximum depth of tree of the two parts.

so first build an RMQ on the array(we are not considering element 1). now we have a recursive O(n) algorithm to find depth of a subarray:

int get(int tl, int tr){
	if (tr<=tl) return 0;
	if (tr-tl==1) return 1;
	int mid=RMQ(tl, tr);
	return max(get(tl, mid), get(mid+1, tr))+1;
}

let P[i] be depth of prefix ending in position i. and S[i] be depth of suffix beginning in position i.

we know that: P[1]<=P[2]<=P[3]<=...<=P[n-1] and S[1]>=S[2]>=S[3]>=...>=S[n-1] we can use binary search to find the rightmost index i that P[i]<=S[i+1] and there exist an optimal answer thst we split the array to [1, i][i+1,n-1] or [1,i+1][i+2,n-1] so check both of them and find the answer:)

my solution:60808916

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7 лет назад, скрыть # |
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I think the complexity can be $$$O(n)$$$ in Problem D because you can find the lowest bit in $$$O(1)$$$ by bit operations. Just use lowbit function (It seems only Chinese call it lowbit?). This is my submission.

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7 лет назад, скрыть # |
 
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kkkkkkkkk.jpg

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consider k-th bit. An edge connects only vertices with different k-th bit, so partition is clear.

Can u explain me more

wrg0ababd

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    7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
     
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    Me too, didn't get this proof. I hope someone elaborate.

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      7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
       
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      What I get is that, Assuming initially B contained only odd edges, hence vertices would be pair of (odd, even) and hence even if you multiply by 2^k all the elements of B(equivalent to multiplying vertices by 2^k), the kth bit of vertices which was initially 0th bit(since multiplying by 2^k is equivalent to shifting) will be opposite(odd has 0th bit 1 while even has 0th bit 0).

      After this However I do not get the cyclic part. Can anybody help me with that?

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        7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
         
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        If you take some pair of numbers $$$(a, b)$$$ from B you can alwas find a cycle. Let's say you start at $$$0$$$ then you'll have the path $$$0, a, 2a, 3a, ..., lcm(a, b)$$$. From there you can decrease $$$b$$$ until you hit $$$0$$$ again.

        E. g., if $$$a = 3, b = 5$$$, you have: $$$0 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 6 \rightarrow 9 \rightarrow 12 \rightarrow 15 \rightarrow 10 \rightarrow 5 \rightarrow 0$$$.

        The length of the cycle length $$$len$$$ is equal to the number of ascending $$$a$$$ steps plus the number of descending $$$b$$$ steps. So $$$len = \frac{lcm(a,b)}{a} + \frac{lcm(a,b)}{b}$$$.

        From $$$a \cdot b = lcm(a,b) \cdot gcd(a,b)$$$, it follows: $$$\frac{lcm(a,b)}{a} = \frac{b}{gcd(a,b)}$$$.

        So $$$len = \frac{lcm(a,b)}{a} + \frac{lcm(a,b)}{b} = \frac{b}{gcd(a,b)} + \frac{a}{gcd(a,b)}$$$.

        If $$$a$$$ and $$$b$$$ are both divisible by the same power of $$$2$$$, then $$$\frac{b}{gcd(a,b)}$$$ and $$$\frac{b}{gcd(a,b)}$$$ are gonna be odd, so $$$len$$$ will be even.

        Otherwise, one of the terms will be even so $$$len$$$ will be odd.

        Finally, you can show that you can't have odd length cycles in a bipartite graph. So solutions won't have numbers with different number of powers of $$$2$$$ in the set.

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    7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
     
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    You can see it this way:

    • If you take any number $$$n$$$ and you add an odd number $$$z$$$, then $$$n + z$$$ is going to have its last bit flipped. That's because any odd number has its last bit set to $$$1$$$. If $$$z \in B$$$, $$$n$$$ will have an edge to $$$n + z$$$ in the generated graph. But since that always flips the last bit you can split all numbers in a set with last bit equal to $$$1$$$ and a set with last bit equal to $$$0$$$.
    • Now if you multiply $$$z$$$ by $$$2^k$$$, you know that this number will have its last $$$k$$$ bits set to zero. So $$$q = 2^k \cdot z$$$ will look like this: $$$\cdot\cdot\cdot10\cdot\cdot\cdot0$$$. So if you take some number $$$n$$$ and you add $$$q$$$ to it, the last $$$k$$$ bits won't change and the $$$k-th$$$ will always change. Given that in this case you started assuming that all number in $$$B$$$ were odd then if you multiply any of them by $$$2^k$$$ the resulting number will have exaclty $$$k$$$ zeros to its right.
    • Finally, if you generate the graph for this new set you can show that any pair of nodes $$$(a,b)$$$ that have an edge between, $$$a$$$ and $$$b$$$ have their $$$k-th$$$ bit flipped with respect to each other. So you can put all numbers with their $$$k-th$$$ bit set to $$$0$$$ in one set, and the rest in the other.
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7 лет назад, скрыть # |
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Hi! Do check my editorial for $$$D$$$. This was actually written as editorial was not published before and lot were(including me) were facing problem in $$$D$$$.

Link

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7 лет назад, скрыть # |
 
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Can someone explain me problem B please :"(

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    7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
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    Let's denote the first three numbers in the array as a, b, c. Then the multiplication table has the following form: row1: 0 ab ac ... row2: ab 0 bc ... row 3: ac bc 0 ... So we do have the values of ab, ac, and bc given in the input. Then we can simply solve a system of equations with three unknowns and find the value of a. Then if we know a we can find all the other ones by simply going through the first row of the table and dividing all the entries by a. Hope it makes sense.

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can anyone explain D more clearly?

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Can anyone explain E better? What is the dp solution?

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can somebody explain problem E more clearly

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In fact, problem F can be solved in linear time.Consider a new sequence b of length 2n:$$$a_1, a_2, a_3, ..., a_n, a_1, a_2, ..., a_n$$$, and build cartesian tree of it.Let T be the cartesian tree of b.

Observation 1: $$$a_{k+1}, a_{k+2}, ..., a_{n}, a_1, ..., a_k$$$ = $$$b_{k+1}, b_{k+2}, ..., b_{k+n}$$$.It can be seemed as a subsegment of length n of b.

Observation 2: The cartesian tree of $$$b_{k+1}, b_{k+2}, ..., b_{k+n}$$$ is a connected component of T.

Let b_i be the root of the connected component, which is the minimum number of $$$b_{k+1}, b_{k+2}, ..., b_{k+n}$$$. In order to the the maximum depth of cartesian tree of each subsegment, all we need to do is to get $$$d_1$$$:the depth of b_i and $$$d_2$$$:the maximum depth of $$$b_{k+1}, b_{k+2}, ..., b_{k+n}$$$ in T for each $$$1 \leq k \leq n$$$. According to Observation 2, the answer is $$$d_2$$$ — $$$d_1$$$.

Applying monotonic queue instead of RMQ, we can calculate these two things in linear time. Just get the minimum depth of them and find the answer.

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    7 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
     
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    wait...why the observation 2 is correct? by the way, I think the T you build by the sample is : 1(0,5) 2(0,3) 3(0,4) 4(0,0) 5(2,6) 6(0,7) 7(0,0) but not all cartesian tree of $$$b_{k+1}...b_{k+n}$$$ is a connected compoent of it

    I must mistake your solution can you help me ? thanks a lot. :D

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Can anyone explain problem B ?

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    • If I know the value of any one element I can get the values of all the remaining elements.
            Example:
            M = 0 4 8
                4 0 8
                8 8 0
    
    • If I get the value of the first element, in this case, it is 2
    • I can get remaining elements from the first row: 2, 4 by dividing the first element with all the elements in the first row.
    • We can easily get the value of the first element

    • Let elements be a, b, c
             M = 0 ab ac
                 ab 0 bc  
                 ac bc 0  
    
             M[0][1] = ab, M[0][2] = ac, M[1][2] = bc 
             (ab * ac) / (bc) => a^2
    
    • Hence first element is sqrt(M[0][1] * M[0][2] / M[1][2])

    • My solution LINK

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      6 лет назад, скрыть # ^ |
       
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      Thanks so much bro , I read your explain after 6 months but it's really helpful , I didn't understand B from the editorial , but I understood it from you ,, I'm really thankful <3

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Can someone please explain E with an example? The editorial is not clear to me.

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it is possible to solve F without segment tree. I solved it in O (n). Note that we can move 1 to the last position in the Array. We can then calculate the tree height on the left and right side separately for all positions where number one can occupy. accepted: https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1220/submission/63617810

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For problem E, my solution is to cycle compress. So if a node is part of a cycle, mark the node as red. Then, merge all the red nodes together. Keep doing this until we get a tree. Then, solve the tree case. But this gives a wrong answer. Help?

138700167

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4 года назад, скрыть # |
 
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For problem E, my solution is to cycle compress. So if a node is part of a cycle, mark the node as red. Then, merge all the red nodes together. Keep doing this until we get a tree. Then, solve the tree case. But this gives a wrong answer. Help?

138700167