Привет, Codeforces!
В 14.07.2021 17:35 (Московское время) состоится Educational Codeforces Round 111 (рейтинговый для Див. 2).
Продолжается серия образовательных раундов в рамках инициативы Harbour.Space University! Подробности о сотрудничестве Harbour.Space University и Codeforces можно прочитать в посте.
Этот раунд будет рейтинговым для участников с рейтингом менее 2100. Соревнование будет проводиться по немного расширенным правилам ICPC. Штраф за каждую неверную посылку до посылки, являющейся полным решением, равен 10 минутам. После окончания раунда будет период времени длительностью в 12 часов, в течение которого вы можете попробовать взломать абсолютно любое решение (в том числе свое). Причем исходный код будет предоставлен не только для чтения, но и для копирования.
Вам будет предложено 6 или 7 задач на 2 часа. Мы надеемся, что вам они покажутся интересными.
Задачи вместе со мной придумывали и готовили Адилбек adedalic Далабаев, Владимир vovuh Петров, Иван BledDest Андросов и Максим Neon Мещеряков. Также большое спасибо Михаилу MikeMirzayanov Мирзаянову за системы Polygon и Codeforces.
Удачи в раунде! Успешных решений!
Также от наших друзей и партнёров из Harbour.Space есть сообщение для вас:
Привет, Codeforces!
Из Барселоны в Бангкок. Мы официально открываем наш новый кампус в августе.
Как некоторые из вас, возможно, знают, Harbour.Space University в партнерстве с University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce в Бангкоке предлагает выдающимся техническим специалистам возможность учиться в одном из самых динамичных и ярких городов мира.
Чтобы отпраздновать запуск, у нас есть стипендии для программ бакалавриата и магистратуры, включая: Data Science, Cyber Security, Front-end Development и Computer Science.
Требования:
- Свободное владение английским языком
- CV
- Тест по математике и информатике
- Диплом (и приложение с перечнем изученных предметов) о наивысшем достигнутом уровне образования
Кандидатам на магистерскую программу Front-end Development необходимо будет отправить задание.
Мы всегда рады видеть членов сообщества Codeforces, которые присоединяются к семье Harbour.Space. Чтобы получить шанс учиться у лучших в этой области и начать свою карьеру, подайте заявку прямо сейчас на одну из следующих программ:
Следите за новостями в LinkedIn, чтобы не упустить новые возможности. А так же загляните в наш Instagram, где мы делимся событиями студенческой жизни и историями успеха наших учеников.
Желаем удачи и до встречи в следующий раз!
Harbour.Space University
Поздравляем победителей:
| Место | Участник | Задач решено | Штраф |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | jiangly | 6 | 136 |
| 2 | neal | 6 | 177 |
| 3 | End. | 6 | 186 |
| 4 | Bench0310 | 6 | 211 |
| 5 | Geothermal | 6 | 212 |
Было сделано 289 успешных и 677 неудачных взломов.
И, наконец, поздравляем людей, отправивших первое полное решение по задаче:
| Задача | Участник | Штраф |
|---|---|---|
| A | Geothermal | 0:00 |
| B | Geothermal | 0:02 |
| C | TheScrasse | 0:07 |
| D | jiangly | 0:27 |
| E | Andreasyan | 0:18 |
| F | TheOneYouWant | 0:40 |
UPD: Разбор опубликован
Hope to be pupil after this round!
solve A and B fast(miserable part is I saw 'how' in place of 'hope', then gave advice only to get downvotes lol)
Thanks for the advice! Will keep it in mind :D
sorry for your loss.. though i gave you an upvote .. haha
i upvoted for you to minimize his loss
Video Editorials of this Round A. Find The Array B. Maximum Cost Deletion
Hey thanks for the advice! I'm now pupil :D
get high rank, easy-peasy answer
Say hello from Hanoi :P
i came down from 1321 to pick u up lets go to pupil together , ps: u wont believe me but rating graph wont lie
Thanks! Hope we survive the system tests!
Hey! we went to pupil together :D
yeah man keep up the good work lets get to specialist in next 30 days
yes lets hope so! best of luck!
hey man, check out my new color, just made it in time before 30 days expired
and I went back to newbie ;-; sorry to dissapoint! Congrats on speacialist tho!
dude i did that 3 times too ,its intern time and company dont give a fuck about codeforces
Ahh that's unfortunate, I just came to my second yr, so have a lot of time to spare hopefully will reflect on my progress soon.
Why there is a huuuge phase of solution hacks for 12 hrs and after 3 hrs from its finish STILL no rating changes published? I'm not sure the whole process of calcing rating changes takes more than 3 hrs itself.
edit: 7 HOURS already passed from solution hacks phase finish and still nothing... why do we have to wait soo long
exactly man, not sure what's going on
and this long delay happens literally every time a div3 round occurs or a rated for div2 only, very dissapointing
very nice number, I hope there will be a good round with nice problems.
After so long time educational round hope learn something new from it
I hope to finally be expert after this round :)
Educational Codeforces Round 7
Binary Representation of 7 is 111
You'd have got upvotes if you weren't gray. :')
newbies contribution matters ;)
Hoping for a good contest :)
Love Educational rounds very much!! Hope to go ++.
Love Educational rounds very much!! Hope to go ++.
UPD : wth guys, why these downvotes lmao? people dont like educational rounds?
Yup,aiming for pupil rn but it might take a while.
As a guy who became pupil one round before (and in this one I got 1800th place) I suppose you should check some books in parallel with practice. I was just like: "wow stop, it's is how it works???" when I understood how time complexity is being calculated.
I hope everyone can rate growth.
Hoping for a Good and Fair Contest. Hackers are all set to hack :(
ALL THE BEST GUYS.
I wish problem rating updated soon to judge my level, Educational round problem rating updated too late many times :), But Educational round is interesting.
I think that's only because educational round is extend-ICPC rule, which means it will have a 12 hours open hack.
Hey guys, I received a report :"Rating changes for the last round are temporarily rolled back. They will be returned soon." . What does it mean???
This is a very regular thing in Codeforces. Means Codeforces have a daily maintain on its datebase.
Hope to be pupil after this round!
++
HopeForces!!
nvm back to <1000
++
I will be cyan after this round.
You Will or You HOPE ?
I will. It all depends on how determined we are to improve our rating.
Your determination paid off! Congrats...
HOPE is a powerful force.
me too)))))
Hope to get as much positive delta as this round number(also very symbolic) is. Good luck every one!
it's almost it :d
There are more than 20K+ participants registered for this contest but why the upvote is only 222 at least everyone upvotes the contest.
I personally think the post should be upvoted/downvoted after the contest has ended depending on the quality of problems and/or any issues faced...
how to be specialist after this round
get hacked
Perform better than you did earlier.
Can I get some down votes please !!
Reverse psychology doesn't always work, you learnt it the hard way
The contest of beautiful arrays and numbers!
terrible difficulty gap.
Update after the contest:E is easier than C imo
ig, its the story of every contest nowadays
Pupils are unable to solve C.
Masters are unable to solve C.
Perfectly balanced as all things should be.
can u explain the problem to me...if all subarray is good for tst cs 1 then ans should 4C1+4C2+4C3+4C4 =15
we should not discuss things when contest is running atleast wait for contest to end
I'm indeed educated
my hopes of being specialist have been shattered ;-;
can u someone the problem to me...if all subarray is good for tst cs 1 then ans should 4C1+4C2+4C3+4C4 =15
that's not correct way of calculating total number of subarrays
total number of subarrays of a specific length let say k = n-k+1; for example subarrays of length 1 = n-1+1 = n; subarrays of length 2 = n-2+1=n-1; this way subarrays are calculated
Amazing contest! Enjoyed it!
This is so gay lol
♂Ass we can♂
The gap between B and C is so terrible that I spent an hour to do it :(
at least you solved it
How you solved C?
Key observation you had to make is that for a subarray to be good, the size is very limited, I think the size can be up to 4.
How did you figure out the size can be up to 4 and not more?
I think you can probably prove formally using some kind of pigeonhole principle, but during the contest I just deduced it purely from geometric intuition.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s%E2%80%93Szekeres_theorem
I just draw it on a paper to see how it works and couldn't add 5th point so that there would be no mentioned collisions.
My thinking was as follows: In general an array is good if it has no monotonic subsequence of length 3 or more.
Based on some case analysis I think you can just check all subarrays of length 3 or 4 and count the good ones.
How do you notice such cases? Asking this because it's not that obvious.
The best advice I can give is, solve a lot of problems to develop your intuition.
I have never felt more stupid. Really I feel ashamed.
Every sub-array of size > 4 has atleast one bad triple.
So only need to check subarrays upto size 4.
can you please prove it!
It was just an observation.
In contest, I have tried several examples and came out at it.
But I can try for the proof -
For not having a bad triple, consecutive elements of sub-array should be in this pattern -
1.) Increasing -> Decreasing -> Inc. -> Dec. -> ... & so on.
OR
2.) Decreasing -> Increasing -> Dec. -> Inc. -> ... & so on.
Now if we consider that 1st case (Inc — Dec — Inc — ...) :-
Suppose {a,b,c,d} is good subarray & follow 1st case, then -
b>a , c<b , d>c
Here if You observe 'd' can't be the greatest of these four because if it is greatest then a<b<d will not make this subarray good. It means there is atleast one element which is greater than 'd' before it.
Now if we add 5th element in subarray, let's say 'e' , then by the pattern of case — 1, e should be less than d i.e., e<d.
And we have proved that 'd' is not greatest so there is one element that is > d and d>e. So sub-array can't be good because (that element) > d > e. Similarly it can be proved for pattern of case-2.
Sorry for bad english !!
Thank you very much can anyone please give an intuition why the sequence should be monotonic for being bad. why cant it be zigag. thanks in advance :)
I'll just drop a hint. Think of a value-index pair as a point in an x-y plane, and try to plot some points and calculate the manhattan distances, I think you'll come up with the proof pretty easily!
Sure it makes sense dude. Thanks a lot
I think the size of the subarray can't be up to more than 4. But during the contest I didn't prove it but just assume that it is right, then I solved it...
Consider a good subarray... Take the leftmost point in it, call it $$$p$$$... Consider three possible positions:
$$$q$$$ such that $$$x_p=x_q$$$. If there is another point $$$r$$$ with the same propertie, $$$(p,q,r)$$$ is a bad triple
$$$q$$$ such that $$$x_q \gt x_p$$$. If there is another point $$$r$$$ with the same propertie, or $$$q$$$ it's inside the rectangle with opposite vertexs $$$p-r$$$, or $$$r$$$ it's inside the rectangle with opposite vertex $$$p-q$$$, in both case $$$(p,q,r)$$$ is a bad triple
$$$q$$$ such that $$$x_q \lt x_p$$$. If there is another point $$$r$$$ with the same propertie with an analogous procedure we can conclude that the triple $$$(p,q,r)$$$ is a bad triple.
So we have at most one point of each kind, so the lenght of a good subarray is at most $$$4$$$
Gotta be one of the most unbalanced problemsets
Really cool problem E!!! But my 122504290 takes 2s and 166MB so I wonder if it is the intended solution.
how to calculate if the length is valid using masks only? my solution tle as I use the index & the masks which will of course tle :) (mle before tle) :D https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1550/submission/122504948
Basically we maintain only those masks which can be updated at the present instant. That is, we only keep those un-updated masks which are 1 bit different than the already updated masks. Complexity of my sol is $$$O(2^{k}kLOG)$$$
Have you seen some similar kind of dp where we place last element and represent everything using mask? This was new to me and I want to practice it. So, can you please share some similar problems?
yes you are right it's a common idea. This is one of the first problems where I saw this:
1238E - Keyboard Purchase
1215E - Marbles
Thanks a lot :)
[deleted]
My idea for E, Firstly binary search the answer. Precalculate each mask having 1 bit,2 bit, 3 bit,4 bit set separately.
For each index precalculate up to how much it can be extended to the left for each alphabet. Now suppose we want to check whether $$$len$$$ is possible. We will find the answer for each mask in increasing order of a number of bit set (which we have precalculated earlier). $$$dp[mask]$$$ will store the lowest index from the left where all the set bit of this mask has a length of $$$len$$$. Now if we have mask where $$$kth$$$ bit is set, we want the $$$kth$$$ alphabet to be the last alphabet to have a contagious length $$$len$$$. we already know dp[mask^k] ,
if this is possible we can find the first index after dp[mask^k] where $$$len$$$ of alphabet $$$k$$$ is possible, this can be easily found using lower_bound with some precomputation of each alphabet, in this way $$$dp[mask]$$$ will be the minimum answer of all the bit set in mask. And finally if $$$dp[(1«k)-1]$$$ has a index then it is possible otherwise not. My complexity is $$$O(k*(2^{k})*log(n)*log(n))$$$ but passes in 1107 ms.
May be today C is the hardest C for some recent educational !
I didn`t want to write till end, but this is really speedforces. Pretty big difficulty gap between C and D. I think it is bigger than it should. But still, thanks for the round. Waiting for editorial.
When you realised C was just about one DAMN observation — that you need to check only subarrays of size 3 and 4.
why ??
Three indexes is a bad triple if
arr[i] <= arr[j] <= arr[k]orarr[i] >= arr[j] >= arr[k]andi < j < k.min(Longest Non-decreasing Subsequence, Longest Non-increasing Subsequence) of every array of length 5 is >= 3. So, every array of length 5 or more is automatically bad
What if someone didn't make this particular observation and just implemented checking subarrays of size 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and so on in the most straightforward fashion? Their solution would always bail out on subarray of size 5 anyway (so sizes of 6, 7, 8 won't be tested) and thus avoid TLE. Submission 122458692 is a very good example of this.
When trying to hack various accepted solutions for problem C, I noticed that the opportunities to TLE them are very much limited. Moral of this story: don't give up even if you missed an important observation. Your "silly" bruteforce solution with multiple nested loops may actually have $$$O(N)$$$ time complexity, just because the observation that you failed to notice still benefits you nevertheless.
Solution of F -
Lets create a graph with edge from $$$i$$$ to $$$j$$$ with cost $$$|d - |a_i - a_j||$$$. Let's define the cost of a path as max edge weight along the path. Then minimum $$$k$$$ required to go from $$$s$$$ to $$$i$$$ is path with minimum possible cost from $$$s$$$ to $$$i$$$. This graph has $$$O(n^2)$$$ edges.
Let $$$i , j$$$ be the two stones and $$$a_j - a_i \gt = d$$$. Then instead of jumping from $$$a_{i-1}$$$ to $$$a_{j+1}$$$ its always better to go along $$$a_{i-1}$$$ to $$$a_{j}$$$ to $$$a_{i}$$$ to $$$a_{j+1}$$$. So lets not add $$$i-1$$$ to $$$j+1$$$ edge.
Let $$$i,j$$$ be the two stones and $$$a_j - a_i \lt = d$$$. Then instead of jumping from $$$a_{i+1}$$$ to $$$a_{j-1}$$$ its always better to go along $$$a_{i+1}$$$ to $$$a_{j}$$$ to $$$a_{i}$$$ to $$$a_{j-1}$$$. So lets not add $$$i+1$$$ to $$$j-1$$$ edge.
Now reduced graph has $$$O(n)$$$ edges.
To answer queries we can process offline in increasing order of k and maintaining connected components such that the cost to reach from one node to another in the same component is atmax k.
In your solution 122498108 can you explain why you only need R = 1 and not any larger value of R? I can see that for all examples of using those edges one can connect the whole graph but I can't find a proof or good explanation as to why. Thank you.
My first submission had R=2. Later on, I submitted R=3,4 at last R=1 as well.
I didn't prove rigorously for R=1 and was expecting WA and later on hack. But awoo did stress tests and this submission did pass them.
Edges in my submissions may not be sufficient if it's a poor implementation but the idea remains the same.
i used dp for problem A.Does anyone have a better idea for problem A? And i want to ask more about the solution to problem C. thanks a lot !
The solution for A can actually be calculated using arithmetic sequence and is simply
Yeah, this solution is much faster than dp and greedy, but i dont want to spend that much time to look for this formula during the round.
Technically, that is basic maths, if observe enough, you can see that in a minute or so.
I believe, that greedy works correctly, like dp. At least, my solution for A is greedy. You can check it 122453650
Main fact that i used for promlem C is that good array cant be larger than 4. So you can calc good subarrays of length 1,2,3,4 in
O(N)How to solve problem C?I can't think of it.
How to solve D ? I thoutht like this.
First fix a vertex. For convenience lets fix 1. and lets assume we are going to give the value 'x' to it. l <= x <= r.
Then for each vertex either give 0 or 1. If it is one, the value of the that node is i — x + 1, else it is i + x — 1.
Then how to find the number of values satisfying the above condition that the value of the node is l <= x <= r.
Well there are multiple steps, but the first crucial observation you have to make is that the final array will be in a form of a_i = i+k or i-k (k is a constant positive integer). So you have to figure out a way to loop through the possible k values. The next step is that you realize for most k, the number of ways of arranging an excellent array will be simply nC(n/2) for even numbers and for odd numbers, if we let x = (n+1)/2, and y = n — (n+1)/2, then it will nCx+nCy. So if you somehow reduce the range of k you have to calculate, then you can simply naively loop through the rest of the range, which will result in O(n) solution.
How is the number of ways of arranging will be nCn/2 why exactly only n/2 elements can have i+k / i-k? And could you elaborate the part why we need to do separately for even and odd part ?
Let x be the number of a_i = i+k, and y be the number of a_i = i-k, then it is quite obvious that x+y = n. Also from this simple setup, we can actually calculate the value of F(a). When we choose one of x numbers and one of y numbers, it contributes 1 to F(a) (because a_i+a_j = (i+k)+(j-k)=i+j), so it is basically going to be F(a) = x*y = x*(n-x), and we want to maximize this value. Simple calculus tells us that this function is at maximum when x is closest to the value n/2, so for even it is just x=y=n/2, whereas for odd numbers, n/2 is not an integer, so we have to resort to (n-1)/2 and (n+1)/2. From this basic analysis using calculus, it is clear that we have to choose n/2 numbers out of the array to have i+k, and the rest to be i-k. Thus, nC(n/2) (n:even) or nC((n-1)/2) + nC((n+1)/2) (n:odd)
But there can be cases when for some k's you can't choose nC(n/2). For example when l=4 and k=3 for i's up to i = 7 there couldn't be a[i]-3 in array, so it will be at list (n-6)C(n/2) and there could be the same issue with r value and last elements. So you need to find k's not effected by this — they are -lim <= k <= lim, where lim = min(max(0, r-n), max(0, 1-l)) and for every other you should count number of elements excluded from change and find (n-ex_l-ex_r)C(n/2-ex_r) and (n-ex_l-ex_r)C(n/2+1-ex_r). Is it right? If so, how to do it quick?
The key is that there are only O(n) possible situations where you have to manually calculate the value, so you don't really have to calculate them quick. And as you have mentioned, for the values 1<=k<=lim (k being negative would lead to counting the same cases twice since a_i = i- k is essentially a_i = i+ (-k)), you can simply multiply lim to the formula nC(n/2) for even and vice versa. Also, there is an intuitive way to think about why there would be only O(n) brute force cases: When k increases, the number of values in the array that have to be a_i = i+k or a_i = i-k will strictly increase because more values will be out of bounds (a_i = i+k or i-k) and since the size of the array is O(n), the number of brute force cases will also be O(n)
Why such and only such arrays ($$$a_i = i \pm k$$$) are excellent?
Let's say there are offsets, a and b such that for some indices i,j of the array, a_i = i+a, a_j = i+b. Then, in order for a_i and a_j to contribute to F(a) (since we want to maximize F(a)), a_i +a_j = i+j + (a+b) = i+j, so this would only occur when a+b = 0, so a = -b. We can think that a and b are "compatible" in this case and it is obvious that only compatible pairs would contribute to the function F(a). Having values that have different absolute values would decrease the number of "compatible" pairs, since they can be only compatible if and only if the other offset has the same absolute value and is negative. Hence, only when we have two offsets (k, -k) that are compatible the F(a) can be maximized. Formally, I think you could use some sort of exchange argument, but intuitively this is what I came up with during contest
@Bungmint Congrats on solving D during the contest. Had the right idea at the contest but it took me 2 days (after work but still) to complete it :-) Amazing how the top performers do it in 15-20 minutes.
Missed E by just 3 min :(
Please I need hints for problem B
the hint of problem b is an observation about how the values a and b affect the final answer. Can we say that no matter how we slice the contribution of a in the answer will be same. Now try to think how the value of b affects the answer and what happens when it goes negative.
I hate green color I love gray color thanks codeforces.
This contest is an example of perfect Cf contest. Problems were not direct and required some amount of thinking and there was no sudden increase in difficulty(in case of B and C). Simply loved the contest.
Lets
LISbe Longest Non-decreasing Subsequence andLDSbe Longest Non-increasing Subsequence. LetsF(arr) = max(LIS(arr), LDS(arr)). Whats the minimumF(arr)we can get for array of lengthN?Its question from selection round in Summer Computer School (Round is already over), but because its related for todays C, I think I can ask here
I think it's $$$\lceil \sqrt{N} \rceil$$$ as Dilworth's theorem gives a lower bound, and it can be easily constructed by grouping elements in an interval of $$$[i\sqrt{N},(i+1)\sqrt{N})$$$ in increasing order and then sort the groups in decreasing order.
How to do B? Any short way?
If b>=0 , then just pick every element one at a time to maximize points.
Else if b<0 , then one-by-one pick continous substrings with ( value != starting value(str[0]) ) and then pick remaining substring in one move.
Reason for picking 2nd group for b<0 :- Because group of elements which is not equal to first element will always 1 less than or equal to other group. It can't be more than other group. So value of b which is (-)ive will be added less no. of times.
You can check this — 122468733
What I tried to do instead was count if we had more zeros or ones for the case when b<0. If we had more ones I removed all zeros according to there length and added it to result and at last concatenated all ones and added to result and vice versa if more zeros were there.
This didn't work any idea why ? My submission — https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1550/submission/122498847
Instead of counting no. of zeros and ones, count no. of max. length contiguous sub-strings of 0's and 1's because You can remove whole sub-string with same elements in one move.
my first contest .. so can anyone tell when rating comes ??
Check here
thanks a lot
How to solve D?
I have a solution for even numbers, so I didn't pass the tests, but I'm sure it's almost complete solution. Firstly notice that in order for the given formula to be correct, meaning $$$a_i + a_j = i + j$$$, integers $$$a_i$$$ and $$$a_j$$$ should be of form $$$i + k$$$ and $$$j - k$$$. So for example $$$a_5 + a_3 = 5 + 3$$$ holds for $$$a = 7$$$ and $$$b = 1$$$, which is the same as saying $$$a = 5 + 2$$$ and $$$b = 3 - 2$$$.
So we can notice that we can traverse every $$$i$$$ from 1 to infinity, but the constraints are a bit too large for this. However, we can also notice that we can add or subtract any number between 1 and $$$min(1 - l, r - n)$$$ to each of the numbers without leaving the bounds. We can clearly see that subtracting any of the value in these bounds won't exceed $$$l$$$ nor $$$r$$$.
So this means that there are exactly $$${{min(1 - l, r - n)}\choose{n/2}} + x$$$ ways where x represents the number of ways when we can't choose two options for every single integer. This however is easily solvable, because you can notice that if for some $$$p$$$, $$$a_k + p \gt r$$$, then we can guarantee that $$$a_k + (p + 1) \gt r$$$ and $$$a_k - 1 + (p + 1) \gt r$$$, meaning $$$a_{k-1} + (p + 1) \gt r$$$. Similar statement holds for $$$q$$$ for which $$$a_k - q \lt l$$$. So just find the border value between these two cases (select all and select only some). Once you find the edge value it's easy to notice that you can bruteforce every value $$$\geq p$$$ as there are at most $$$n$$$ such values. Hope this helps.
The problem I encountered is bruteforcing for odd $$$n$$$, so this solution fails on the last and first number of first test, but solves the second and third. I'd appreciate if somebody provides a workaround for this. Thanks.
EDIT: I see I made a mistake which made the explanation sound poor.
For odd n you have to consider cases: you add to $$$(n-1)/2$$$ numbers and subtract from $$$(n+1)/2$$$ numbers or you add to $$$(n+1)/2$$$ numbers and subtract from $$$(n-1)/2$$$ numbers.
I'm fully aware of that, but I fail to implement it :P I don't know why, but I still keep getting 5, 6, or 3 as the answer to the first case. IDK, my implementation skill is probably bad or I'm crazy. Thanks for the confirmation though. :)
Thanks nichke tkacper
Hello, I wasn't able to solve C, but while thinking on it's solution , I stumbled on a different problem.
How to find the next kth larger number in an array for an index i?
Can someone tell me how to solve this in $$$O(n)$$$?
I think a monotonic stack can be used, but I am not sure about the implementation.
Is the k static or can be changed for every query?
That is really not required for the problem. If you notice no subarray of size greater than equal to 5 can be good, as there will always be at least 3 non-decreasing or 3 non-increasing elements. Sadly I realized it so late that I couldn't implement it during the contest.
omg thank you, I spent 1 hour and a half thinking about C and I didn't realize it, LOL
k-th smallest statistic?
I applied this approach for solving B still my test case 2 fails. What's wrong with the approach?
https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1550/submission/122490178
test 1 5 1 -1 10101
Correct answer is 2, your code gives 3. It's better to remove the zeroes and then you are left with 111, so you only need to apply the operation 3 times.
Is there a formula/dp for finding the number of trees in which the distance between 2 fixed labels is even/odd?
Reduced D to this but got stuck, thanks
Problem E is both fun and educational, I really like it. Thanks for this brilliant round!
Can somebody tell what is the third not good subarray in 2nd test case of problem C?
I only discovered [6 9 1 9], [6, 9, 1, 9, 6]
9 1 9 6
We should find three elements, such that:
i <= j <= k and a_i <= a_j <= a_k
Or my logic was wrong?
i,j,k can't be equal . a_i>=a_j>=a_k will also work
there're two types of people: those who have found the observation in C and those who haven't...
one more, who found but couldn't implement.
That's a really bad feeling.
you can solve it without observing that but it is hard to implement
my_submission
agree, I think I've found the solution, but I dunno whether wa2 due to some bugs or the idea is generally wrong: 122510342
Those who misread subarray as subsequence
I think problem F would be more interesting if s were different for queries
We were expecting a solution without MST, but it seems that it's too obscure.
how to solve problem C?
You can put 5 points on paper and become sure that there is 1 bad triple (at least).
First put 2 points and indicate the area where you can't put the third one. Then add third and then forth. And you can see that you have not enough area for fifth.
Is CodeForces making me stronger or bullying me?
can someone help me with a counter case for C My idea ->
using 2 pointer triplet will be bad if any number between start and end is bound by minimum and maximum among starting pointer and ending pointer.
https://mirror.codeforces.com/contest/1550/submission/122495304
Hey, think about it:|
(n = 4)
(a = {3 1 2 4})
The answer is 8 but your code output 10 because of the bad triple with index (2,3,4)
obs: My ideia is lile yours and I spent about 30 minutes to find this case
How is (1,2) , (2,3) , (4,4) a bad triplet? (1,2) — (2,3) -> 2 (2,3) — (4,4) -> 3 (1,2) — (4,4) -> 5
But this is a bad triple, because:
d(2,3) = 2, d(3,4) = 3 and d(2,4) = 5
So, d(2,4) = d(2,3) + d(3,4)
d(p,r) = d(p,q) + d(q,r), with p = 2, q = 3 ans r = 4, just like in the problem.
Ooo got it... Thnxx..
any idea on how to solve problem C?? my idea was any increasing or decreasing subsequence of length 3 is a bad triple. Got the idea to implement dp using a start and end as the state but it would give time complexity.
any sequence of length >=5 will always have a bad triple
why is that?? i mean can you explain the prove please??
You can put 5 points on paper and become sure that there is 1 bad triple (at least).
First put 2 points and indicate the area where you can't put the third one. Then add third and then forth. And you can see that you have not enough area for fifth.
When the editorial will be post?
Video Editorials of this Round A. Find The Array B. Maximum Cost Deletion
General question, what makes a contest "educational" compared to a regular div 2 contest?
I dont think there is any difference apart from the fact that they are organised by the same people every time.
Can anyone explain the solution of D ?
man educational rounds are always tricky .
more like standard
the only "standard" thing I learned from this round's C is that I suck
Can anyone explain why a does not effect the answer in problem B ?
Because a always *n
Summation of l over all k will be equal to n as the final string is empty., so this part will be equal to a*n. The final answer will be a*n + k*b . where k = no. of operations.
If some people wish to write the things/topics they found educational in A,B and C, it'll be very helpful for me (and I think for others also). So, please do write if you have some time. TIA.
Sorry for the bad stream :(
We should have considered making the stream hidden from the sidebar.
лучший раунд в моей жизни
Thanks for the round! Here's a link to my screencast, which includes brief explanations of my solutions.
I found this person:
Still continuing to send and hack!!
For everyone wondering why a good subarray cannot have length greater than $$$4$$$ in $$$C$$$. There is a theorem Erdos Szekeres which basically states that any sequence with length greater than $$$xy$$$ must have either a non-increasing subsequence of length $$$x+1$$$ or a non-decreasing subsequence of length $$$y+1$$$ or both.
Put $$$x = y = 2$$$ for this problem.
Hint for proving this theorem:
Consider $$$\text{lis}(i)$$$ as the length of largest non-decreasing subsequence ending at $$$i$$$. If $$$\text{lis}(i) \leq x$$$, then what can you say by pigeon-hole principle?
Related problem: arc091_e
Hi guys, I haven't tried out hacking feature yet on codeforces so was trying out this time and had some doubts:
For the second point, someone is using the same flaw which i mentioned :
An individual doesn't get points on hacking another user's submissions in Educational rounds or Div 3 rounds.
3.When you hacked a solution, it status will become "hacked" and there won't be a 'hack it' button.
How to solve D?
Hello everyone, it would be really helpful if someone explains the detailed proof of problem C in an easy way so that all the newbies like me get the things clear and able to learn some new concepts. why a good subarray cannot have a length greater than 4 ?????
please help!!
The first thing is that if points A, B, C (and A.x < B.x < C.x) are in a bad triple then point B lies in a rectangle formed by points A and C. It can be proven just by considering several cases.
Then it's clear that for any point from a good array (let its coordinates be X and Y), there are no points before that have less/bigger Y coordinate and after that have bigger/less coordinates is the same time. Otherwise, we could choose them to form a rectangle, in which our point lies.
From here, in any good subarray with 4 elements, the second element is the biggest/smallest and the third element is the smallest/biggest (it can be proven by contradiction). If we add the fifth element, then the fourth point will lie in a rectangle formed by either points 2 and 5 or point 3 and 5. As soon as, every subarray of a good array is also good, there would be no good arrays with length greater than 4.
"Educational"
How to know in educational rounds whether sys test has been completed after open hacking phase finished ?
Yes, codeforces should write final system test pending or something like that.
Educational rounds are typically getting separate Div1 and Div2 leaderboards after system tests are done. We are not there yet, so system tests are still pending. I agree that this isn't very intuitive, but I don't know any better way to guess the system tests completion status.
Does anyone know what does the meaning of 00:30 or 01:26 means below the + sign.
IMAGE
It's the time after you solved the problem since the contest started
Educational round rating pending ... 2 hr later ... rating pending ... hacking phase ends ... rating still pending ... 200 hr later ... rating still pending ... 2000 yrs later ... rating still pending .... 2 million yrs later ... Finally updated.
when's the editorial coming out?
Guys, When will my rating update ???
be patient please...
Is there any editorial in this round? Keep waiting...
Auto comment: topic has been updated by awoo (previous revision, new revision, compare).
is the system testing over?
Yes
ok, this means, ratings would be updated soon.
isn't it rated? then why my rating didn't change?
Just wait until there is a rating change tab in the contest standing page.
My Code for C is running in 592ms, will it FST?
The final system test is over already lol.
To not keep you waiting, the ratings updated preliminarily. In a few hours/days, I will remove cheaters and update the ratings again!
During the 12 hours hacking stage, I received a very strange DM from someone, who claimed to be an alt account of myACEY. This person asked me about how I managed to hack 122468435 and what was their mistake. But I noticed that myACEY's account is primarily using Python and another account is using C++, sometimes they participated in the same contests and solved different number of problems using very different solutions (so nothing suggests that both accounts could be owned by the same person). I responded "How can I be sure that it was really your account?" and never heard anything back. Now this is eating me a bit. Am I a bad person because of being too paranoid and refusing to share information with a fellow competitive programmer?
As for the hack, that solution was already a bit slow (717 ms on pretests). The amount of calculations it performs depends on $$$s$$$. Processing some $$$s$$$ values is much slower than the others, and $$$s=4902$$$ was one of the worst. So constructing a testcase with 4902 repeated 5000 times pushed myACEY's solution over the 1000 ms time limit. Now this hack is a standard testcase #4 of the A. Find The Array problem and it was included in system tests too (even though I doubt that it managed to catch anyone else).
Auto comment: topic has been updated by awoo (previous revision, new revision, compare).
The numbers should be 110 out of 498 if we subtract my 179 pointless self-hacks.
It was a game, and it was fun XD
and don't ever think of doing this, solve problems instead!