#include<cstdio>
const int MAX_V = 201;
bool achieve[MAX_V];
void solve() {
    int n, x;
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &x);
    for(int i = 1; i <= n + x; i++) {
        achieve[i] = false;
    }
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        int ranking;
        scanf("%d", &ranking);
        achieve[ranking] = true;
    }
    for(int k = n + x; k > 0; k--) {
        int v = 0;
        for(int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
            if(!achieve[i]) v++;
        }
        if(v <= x) {
            printf("%d\n", k);
            return;
        }
    }
}
int main() {
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--) solve();
    return 0;
}

#include<cstdio>
const int SIZE = 200000;
int p[SIZE];
int ans[SIZE][2];
int ans_cnt;
bool judge(int a[], int n){
    static int used[SIZE+1];
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) used[i] = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) used[a[i]] = 1;
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        if(!used[i]) return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}
bool judge(int len1, int n){
    return judge(p, len1) && judge(p + len1, n - len1);
}
int main() {
    int t = 0;
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while(t--) {
        ans_cnt = 0;
        int n;
        scanf("%d", &n);
        int ma=0;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            scanf("%d", &p[i]);
            if(ma < p[i]) ma = p[i];
        }
        if(judge(n - ma,n)) {
            ans[ans_cnt][0] = n - ma;
            ans[ans_cnt++][1] = ma;
        }
        if(ma * 2 != n && judge(ma,n)) {
            ans[ans_cnt][0] = ma;
            ans[ans_cnt++][1] = n - ma;
        }
        printf("%d\n", ans_cnt);
        for(int i = 0; i < ans_cnt; i++) {
            printf("%d %d\n", ans[i][0], ans[i][1]);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
const int SIZE = 100002;
int len[SIZE];
long long suffix_sum[SIZE];
void err() {puts("-1");}
void solve() {
    int N, M;
    scanf("%d%d", &N, &M);
    for(int i = 1; i <= M; i++) {
        scanf("%d", &len[i]);
        if(len[i] + i - 1 > N) {
            err();
            return;
        }
    }
    for(int i = M; i > 0; i--) {
        suffix_sum[i] = suffix_sum[i + 1] + len[i];
    }
    if(suffix_sum[1] < N) {
        err();
        return;
    }
    for(int i = 1; i <= M; i++) {
        printf("%lld", std::max((long long)i, N - suffix_sum[i] + 1));
        if(i < M) putchar(' ');
        else puts("");
    }
}
int main() {
    solve();
    return 0;
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
void solve(){
    int d, m;
    scanf("%d%d",&d, &m);
    long long answer=1;
    for(int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
        if(d < (1 << i)) break;
        answer = answer * (std::min((1 << (i+1)) - 1, d) - (1 << i) + 2) % m;
    }
    answer--;
    if(answer < 0) answer += m;
    printf("%lld\n",answer);
}
int main() {
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--) {
        solve();
    }
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 1<<20;
int INF = 1000000001;
pair<int, int> a[SIZE];
int final_v[SIZE];
bool used[SIZE];
int h, g;
void pull(int id) {
    while(a[id] > min(a[id<<1], a[(id<<1)|1])) {
        if(a[id<<1] < a[(id << 1) | 1]) {
            swap(a[id<<1], a[id]);
            id <<= 1;
        }
        else {
            swap(a[(id<<1)|1], a[id]);
            id = (id << 1) | 1;
        }
        if(id >= (1 << h)) return;
    }
}
void solve() {
    scanf("%d%d", &h, &g);
    long long an = 0;
    for(int i = 1; i < (1 << h); i++) {
        used[i] = 0;
        scanf("%d", &a[i].first);
        a[i].second = i;
        final_v[i] = 0;
    }
    h--;
    for(int lv = h - 1; lv >= 0; lv--) {
        int ll = 1 << lv;
        int rr = 1 << (lv + 1);
        for(int i = ll; i < rr; i++) {
            pair<int, int> tmp = a[i];
            int bot = i << (h - lv);
            a[i] = a[bot];
            a[bot] = make_pair(INF, 0);
            pull(i);
            if(lv < g) {
                int need_mi = max(final_v[i * 2], final_v[i * 2 + 1]);
                while(a[i].first < need_mi) {
                    a[i] = make_pair(INF, 0);
                    pull(i);
                }
                an += final_v[i] = a[i].first;
                used[a[i].second] = 1;
                a[i] = tmp;
                pull(i);
            }
            else {
                a[bot] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("%lld\n", an);
    bool first_time = true;
    for(int i = (1 << (h + 1)) - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        if(!used[i]) {
            if(!first_time) printf(" ");
            else first_time = false;
            printf("%d", i);
        }
    }
    puts("");
}
int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--) solve();
    return 0;
}

//#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

//defines
typedef long long ll;
typedef long double ld;
#define TIME clock() * 1.0 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC
#define prev _prev
#define y0 _y0
#define kill _kill

//permanent constants
const ld pi = acos(-1.0);
const int day[12] = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
const int digarr[10] = {6, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 7, 6};
const int dx[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1};
const int dy[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
const int dxo[8] = {-1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0};
const int dyo[8] = {-1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1};
const int alf = 26;
const int dig = 10;
const int two = 2;
const int th = 3;
const ll prost = 239;
const ll btc = 30;
const ld eps = 1e-8;
const ll INF = (ll)(1e18 + 239);
const int BIG = (int)(1e9 + 239);
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7; //

//random
mt19937 rnd(239); //(chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());

//constants
const int M = (int)(2e5 + 239);
const int N = (int)(2e3 + 239);
const int L = 20;
const int T = (1 << 20) + 239;
const int B = 500;
const int X = 35;
const int T2 = 2 * T;

int h, g, a[T2], n;
bool mark[T];
int id[T], buf[T], timer;

bool cmp(int i, int j)
{
    return (a[i] < a[j]);
}

int pos;

void dfs_write(int p)
{
    id[pos++] = p;
    if (2 * p + 1 <= n)
    {
        dfs_write(2 * p);
        dfs_write(2 * p + 1);
    }
}

int dfs(int p, int sz)
{
    if ((1 << (g - 1)) <= p && p < (1 << g))
    {
        int l = timer;
        timer += sz;
        pos = l;
        dfs_write(p);
        sort(id + l, id + l + sz, cmp);
        mark[id[l]] = true;
        return id[l];
    }
    int l = timer;
    int new_sz = ((sz - 1) / 2);
    int s1 = dfs(2 * p, new_sz);
    int s2 = dfs(2 * p + 1, new_sz);
    merge(id + l, id + l + new_sz, id + l + new_sz, id + l + new_sz + new_sz, buf, cmp);
    buf[sz - 1] = p;
    for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++)
        id[i + l] = buf[i];
    timer++;
    if (cmp(s1, s2))
        s1 = s2;
    for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++)
        if (cmp(s1, id[i + l]))
        {
            mark[id[i + l]] = true;
            return id[i + l];
        }
    return 0;
}

void rm(int i)
{
    if (a[2 * i] == 0 && a[2 * i + 1] == 0)
    {
        a[i] = 0;
        mark[i] = false;
        return;
    }
    if (a[2 * i] > a[2 * i + 1])
    {
        a[i] = a[2 * i];
        mark[i] = mark[2 * i];
        rm(2 * i);
    }
    else
    {
        a[i] = a[2 * i + 1];
        mark[i] = mark[2 * i + 1];
        rm(2 * i + 1);
    }
}

void dfs_ans(int p)
{
    while (a[p] != 0 && !mark[p])
    {
        cout << p << " ";
        rm(p);
    }
    if (a[p] == 0)
        return;
    dfs_ans(2 * p);
    dfs_ans(2 * p + 1);
}

void solve()
{
    cin >> h >> g;
    n = (1 << h) - 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        cin >> a[i];
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        mark[i] = false;
    timer = 0;
    dfs(1, n);
    ll ans = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        if (mark[i])
            ans += a[i];
    cout << ans << "\n";
    dfs_ans(1);
    cout << "\n";
    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
        a[i] = 0;
}

int32_t main()
{
#ifdef ONPC
    freopen("input", "r", stdin);
#endif
    ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
        solve();
    return 0;
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 1<<20;
int INF = 1000000001;
int a[SIZE], ops[SIZE];
int h, g;
int qq[24], qn;
int pull(int id) {
    int tmp = a[id];
    a[id] = 0;
    qn = 0;
    qq[qn++] = id;
    while(id * 2 < (1 << h) && a[id] < max(a[id<<1], a[(id<<1)|1])) {
        if(a[id<<1] > a[(id << 1) | 1]) {
            swap(a[id<<1], a[id]);
            id <<= 1;
        }
        else {
            swap(a[(id<<1)|1], a[id]);
            id = (id << 1) | 1;
        }
        qq[qn++] = id;
    }
    if(id < (1 << g)) {
        for(int i = qn - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            a[qq[i]] = a[qq[i - 1]];
        }
        a[qq[0]] = tmp;
        return 0;
    }
    return tmp;
}
void solve() {
    scanf("%d%d", &h, &g);
    long long an = 0;
    for(int i = 1; i < (1 << h); i++) {
        scanf("%d", &a[i]);
        an += a[i];
    }
    int need = 0;
    for(int i = 1; i < (1 << g); i++) {
        while(1) {
            int v = pull(i);
            if(v) {
                an -= v;
                ops[need++] = i;
            }
            else break;
        }
    }
    printf("%lld\n", an);
    for(int i = 0; i < need; i++) printf("%d%c", ops[i], " \n"[i == need - 1]);
}
int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--) solve();
    return 0;
}

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 2e5+10;
char s[SIZE];
int cnt[SIZE];
int cc[26];
int all_cnt;
int ma;
void update_ma() {
    while(ma > 0 && !cnt[ma]) ma--;
}
void dec1(int id) {
    cnt[cc[id]]--;
    cc[id]--;
    cnt[cc[id]]++;
}
pair<int, int> stk[SIZE];
int sn;
int m;
int now;
int last_len;
void add(int i, bool flag) {
    if(flag) {
        dec1(stk[sn - 1].second);
        dec1(stk[i].second);
        all_cnt -= 2;
        printf("%d %d\n",now + 1, now + stk[i].first);
        update_ma();
        sn--;
        now -= stk[sn].first;
        if(i + 1 < m) {
            stk[i + 1].first += stk[sn].first;
        }
        else{
            last_len += stk[sn].first;
        }
    }
    else {
        stk[sn++] = stk[i];
        now += stk[i].first;
    }
}
void solve(){
    scanf("%s", s);
    int n = strlen(s);
    all_cnt = 0;
    int lt = 0;
    m = 0;
    for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        if(s[i] == s[i - 1]) {
            cc[s[i] - 'a']++;
            all_cnt++;
            stk[m++] = make_pair(i - lt, (int)(s[i] - 'a'));
            lt = i;
        }
    }
    last_len = n - lt;
    ma = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
        cnt[cc[i]]++;
        ma = max(ma, cc[i]);
    }
    printf("%d\n", 1 + max(ma, (all_cnt + 1) / 2));
    if(ma * 2 < all_cnt) {
        sn = now = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            add(i, sn && stk[sn - 1].second != stk[i].second && ma * 2 < all_cnt);
        }
        m = sn;
    }
    int main_id = -1;
    for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
        if(cc[i] == ma) main_id = i;
    }
    sn = now = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        add(i, sn && ((stk[sn - 1].second == main_id) ^ (stk[i].second == main_id)));
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < sn; i++) {
        printf("%d %d\n",1 ,stk[i].first);
    }
    printf("%d %d\n", 1, last_len);
    memset(cc, 0, sizeof(cc));
    memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(int) * (ma + 1));
}
int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    for(int i = 1; i <= T; i++) solve();
    return 0;
}

//#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

//defines
typedef long long ll;
typedef long double ld;
#define TIME clock() * 1.0 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC
#define prev _prev
#define y0 _y0
#define kill _kill

//permanent constants
const ld pi = acos(-1.0);
const int day[12] = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
const int digarr[10] = {6, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 7, 6};
const int dx[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1};
const int dy[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
const int dxo[8] = {-1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0};
const int dyo[8] = {-1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1};
const int alf = 26;
const int dig = 10;
const int two = 2;
const int th = 3;
const ll prost = 239;
const ll btc = 30;
const ld eps = 1e-8;
const ll INF = (ll)(1e18 + 239);
const int BIG = (int)(1e9 + 239);
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7; //

//random
mt19937 rnd(239); //(chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());

//constants
const int M = (int)(4e5 + 239);
const int N = (int)(2e3 + 239);
const int L = 20;
const int T = (1 << 18) + 239;
const int B = 500;
const int X = 210;

ll up(ll a, ll b)
{
    return (a + b - 1) / b;
}

ll down(ll a, ll b)
{
    return a / b;
}

int m;
ll l[M], n, k;

void solve()
{
    cin >> n >> m >> k;
    ll pr = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
    {
        ll p;
        cin >> p;
        l[i] = p - pr;
        pr = p;
    }
    l[m++] = n - pr;
    //for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
    //    cerr << l[i] << " ";
    //cerr << "\n";
    ll sum = k + m;
    ll bl = 1;
    ll br = n + 1;
    while (br - bl > 1)
    {
        ll h = (bl + br) >> 1LL;
        ll cur = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            cur += down(l[i], h);
        if (sum <= cur)
            bl = h;
        else
            br = h;
    }
    ll MIN = bl;
    bl = 0;
    br = n + 1;
    while (br - bl > 1)
    {
        ll h = (bl + br) >> 1LL;
        ll cur = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            cur += up(l[i], h);
        if (sum >= cur)
            br = h;
        else
            bl = h;
    }
    ll MAX = br;
    vector<pair<ll, ll>> ban;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
    {
        if (up(l[i], MAX) <= down(l[i], MIN))
            continue;
        ll bl = 0;
        ll br = MIN;
        while (br - bl > 1)
        {
            ll h = (bl + br) >> 1LL;
            if (down(l[i], h) == down(l[i], MIN))
                br = h;
            else
                bl = h;
        }
        ll first = MIN - br;
        bl = MAX;
        br = INF;
        while (br - bl > 1)
        {
            ll h = (bl + br) >> 1LL;
            if (up(l[i], MAX) == up(l[i], h))
                bl = h;
            else
                br = h;
        }
        ll second = bl - MAX;
        ban.push_back(make_pair(first, second));
    }
    ll add = MAX - MIN;
    if (ban.empty())
    {
        cout << add << "\n";
        return;
    }
    sort(ban.begin(), ban.end());
    vector<pair<ll, ll>> a;
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)ban.size(); i++)
    {
        while (!a.empty() && a.back().second <= ban[i].second)
            a.pop_back();
        a.push_back(ban[i]);
    }
    ll ans = INF;
    ans = min(a[0].second + 1, ans);
    ans = min(a.back().first + 1, ans);
    for (int i = 0; i + 1 < (int)a.size(); i++)
        ans = min(ans, a[i].first + a[i + 1].second + 2);
    cout << ans + add << "\n";
}

int32_t main()
{
#ifdef ONPC
    freopen("input", "r", stdin);
#endif
    ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
        solve();
    return 0;
}

/*{{{*/
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<sstream>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<queue>
#include<bitset>
#include<vector>
#include<limits.h>
#include<assert.h>
#define SZ(X) ((int)(X).size())
#define ALL(X) (X).begin(), (X).end()
#define REP(I, N) for (int I = 0; I < (N); ++I)
#define REPP(I, A, B) for (int I = (A); I < (B); ++I)
#define FOR(I, A, B) for (int I = (A); I <= (B); ++I)
#define FORS(I, S) for (int I = 0; S[I]; ++I)
#define RS(X) scanf("%s", (X))
#define SORT_UNIQUE(c) (sort(c.begin(),c.end()), c.resize(distance(c.begin(),unique(c.begin(),c.end()))))
#define GET_POS(c,x) (lower_bound(c.begin(),c.end(),x)-c.begin())
#define CASET int ___T; scanf("%d", &___T); for(int cs=1;cs<=___T;cs++)
#define MP make_pair
#define PB push_back
#define MS0(X) memset((X), 0, sizeof((X)))
#define MS1(X) memset((X), -1, sizeof((X)))
#define LEN(X) strlen(X)
#define F first
#define S second
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
typedef unsigned long long ULL;
typedef long double LD;
typedef pair<int,int> PII;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<LL> VL;
typedef vector<PII> VPII;
typedef pair<LL,LL> PLL;
typedef vector<PLL> VPLL;
template<class T> void _R(T &x) { cin >> x; }
void _R(int &x) { scanf("%d", &x); }
void _R(LL &x) { scanf("%lld", &x); }
void _R(double &x) { scanf("%lf", &x); }
void _R(char &x) { scanf(" %c", &x); }
void _R(char *x) { scanf("%s", x); }
void R() {}
template<class T, class... U> void R(T &head, U &... tail) { _R(head); R(tail...); }
template<class T> void _W(const T &x) { cout << x; }
void _W(const int &x) { printf("%d", x); }
void _W(const LL &x) { printf("%lld", x); }
void _W(const double &x) { printf("%.16f", x); }
void _W(const char &x) { putchar(x); }
void _W(const char *x) { printf("%s", x); }
template<class T,class U> void _W(const pair<T,U> &x) {_W(x.F); putchar(' '); _W(x.S);}
template<class T> void _W(const vector<T> &x) { for (auto i = x.begin(); i != x.end(); _W(*i++)) if (i != x.cbegin()) putchar(' '); }
void W() {}
template<class T, class... U> void W(const T &head, const U &... tail) { _W(head); putchar(sizeof...(tail) ? ' ' : '\n'); W(tail...); }
#ifdef HOME
 #define DEBUG(...) {printf("# ");printf(__VA_ARGS__);puts("");}
#else
 #define DEBUG(...)
#endif
int MOD = 1e9+7;
void ADD(LL& x,LL v){x=(x+v)%MOD;if(x<0)x+=MOD;}
/*}}}*/
const int SIZE = 1e6+10;
LL a[SIZE],num[SIZE];
bool done[SIZE],be_added[SIZE];
int n;
LL K;
LL get_upper_bound(int i){
    LL v=a[i]/num[i];
    if(v*num[i]!=a[i])v++;
    return v;
}
LL get_next_upper_bound(int i){
    LL v=a[i]/(num[i]-1);
    if(v*(num[i]-1)!=a[i])v++;
    return v;
}
LL go(){
    if(K==n){
        return a[n-1]-a[0];
    }
    LL ll=1,rr=a[n-1];
    while(ll<rr){
        LL mm=(ll+rr)/2;
        LL need=0;
        REP(i,n){
            if(a[i]>mm)need+=a[i]/mm;
            else need++;
        }
        if(need>=K)ll=mm+1;
        else rr=mm;
    }
    LL low=ll;
    VPLL pp;
    LL need=0;
    REP(i,n){
        if(a[i]>=low){
            num[i]=a[i]/low;
            pp.PB({a[i]/(num[i]+1),i});
        }
        else {
            num[i]=1;
        }
        need+=num[i];
    }
    {
        bool fail=0;
        REP(i,n){
            if(get_upper_bound(i)>=low){
                fail=1;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(!fail) return low-1-min(low-1,a[0]);
    }
    REP(i,n){
        if(a[i]>=low&&a[i]/(num[i]+1)==low-1){
            LL v=a[i]/(low-1);
            LL mi=min(v-num[i],K-need);
            num[i]+=mi;
            need+=mi;
            if(need==K)break;
        }
    }
    priority_queue<PLL,VPLL,greater<PLL>>added;
    priority_queue<PLL>top;
    LL mi=a[0];
    REP(i,n){
        if(num[i]>1){
            added.push(MP(get_next_upper_bound(i),i));
        }
        top.push(MP(get_upper_bound(i),i));
        mi=min(mi,a[i]/num[i]);
    }
    LL an=top.top().F-mi;
    REP(i,n)be_added[i]=done[i]=0;
    LL ma=low-1;
    while(!top.empty()&&!added.empty()){
        int id=top.top().S;
        if(be_added[id])break;
        done[id]=1;
        top.pop();
        num[id]++;
        mi=min(mi,a[id]/num[id]);
        auto tmp=added.top();
        added.pop();
        if(done[tmp.S])break;
        be_added[tmp.S]=1;
        num[tmp.S]--;
        if(num[tmp.S]>1)added.push({get_next_upper_bound(tmp.S),tmp.S});
        ma=max(ma,tmp.F);
        an=min(an,(top.empty()?ma:max(ma,top.top().F))-mi);
    }
    return an;
}
void solve(){
    LL L;
    //R(n,K,L);
    R(L,n,K);
    K+=n+1;
    LL lt=0;
    REP(i,n){
        LL x;
        R(x);
        a[i]=x-lt;
        lt=x;
    }
    a[n++]=L-lt;
    sort(a,a+n);
    W(go());
}
int main(){
    CASET{
        solve();
    }
    return 0;
}